The Mathematical Modeling of the Host-Virus Interaction in Dengue Virus Infection: A Quantitative Study

• Published in: Viruses Vol. 16; no. 2; p. 216
• Main Authors: Xu, Zhaobin, Zhang, Hongmei, Yang, Dongying, Wei, Dongqing, Demongeot, Jacques, Zeng, Qiangcheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 31.01.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Antibodies; Antibodies, Viral; antibody dynamics; antibody-dependent enhancement; Antigens; Communicable Diseases; Dengue; Dengue fever; Dengue Virus; Development and progression; Host Microbial Interactions; Host-virus relationships; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Immunology; Infections; Infectious diseases; Influenza; mathematical modeling; Mathematical models; Models, Theoretical; Performance evaluation; Public health; Viral infections; viral load; Viruses; China; mathematical modeling; viral load; antibody-dependent enhancement; Dengue fever; antibody dynamics
• ISSN: 1999-4915; 1999-4915
• DOI: 10.3390/v16020216

Infectious diseases, such as Dengue fever, pose a significant public health threat. Developing a reliable mathematical model plays a crucial role in quantitatively elucidating the kinetic characteristics of antibody-virus interactions. By integrating previous models and incorporating the antibody dynamic theory, we have constructed a novel and robust model that can accurately simulate the dynamics of antibodies and viruses based on a comprehensive understanding of immunology principles. It explicitly formulates the viral clearance effect of antibodies, along with the positive feedback stimulation of virus-antibody complexes on antibody regeneration. In addition to providing quantitative insights into the dynamics of antibodies and viruses, the model exhibits a high degree of accuracy in capturing the kinetics of viruses and antibodies in Dengue fever patients. This model offers a valuable solution to modeling the differences between primary and secondary Dengue infections concerning IgM/IgG antibodies. Furthermore, it demonstrates that a faster removal rate of antibody-virus complexes might lead to a higher peak viral loading and worse clinical symptom. Moreover, it provides a reasonable explanation for the antibody-dependent enhancement of heterogeneous Dengue infections. Ultimately, this model serves as a foundation for constructing an optimal mathematical model to combat various infectious diseases in the future.