A Study on User Recognition Using the Generated Synthetic Electrocardiogram Signal

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 21; no. 5; p. 1887
• Main Authors: Kim, Min-Gu, Pan, Sung Bum
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 08.03.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: ACGAN; Algorithms; Big Data; Biometrics; Data acquisition; Deep learning; ECG; Electrocardiography; Exercise; Heart rate; Methods; Neural networks; Neural Networks, Computer; parallel ensemble networks; Physical fitness; Probability distribution; Recognition; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Time series; user recognition; ECG; ACGAN; biometrics; parallel ensemble networks; user recognition
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s21051887

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are time series data that are acquired by time change. A problem with these signals is that comparison data that have the same size as the registration data must be acquired every time. A network model of an auxiliary classifier based generative adversarial neural network that is capable of generating synthetic ECG signals is proposed to resolve the data size inconsistency problem. After constructing comparison data with various combinations of the real and generated synthetic ECG signal cycles, a user recognition experiment was performed by applying them to an ensemble network of parallel structure. Recognition performance of 98.5% was demonstrated when five cycles of real ECG signals were used. Moreover, 98.7% and 97% accuracies were provided when the first cycle of synthetic ECG signals and the fourth cycle of real ECG signals were repetitively used as the last cycle, respectively, in addition to the four cycles of real ECG. When two cycles of synthetic ECG signals were used with three cycles of real ECG signals, 97.2% accuracy was shown. When the last third cycle was repeatedly used with the three cycles of real ECG signals, the accuracy was 96%, which was 1.2% lower than the performance obtained while using the synthetic ECG. Therefore, even if the size of the registration data and that of the comparison data are not consistent, the generated synthetic ECG signals can be applied to a real life environment, because a high recognition performance is demonstrated when they are applied to an ensemble network of parallel structure.