Host-Virus Interaction: How Host Cells Defend against Influenza A Virus Infection

• Published in: Viruses Vol. 12; no. 4; p. 376
• Main Authors: Zhang, Yun, Xu, Zhichao, Cao, Yongchang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 29.03.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Adaptive Immunity; Animals; Antigens, Viral - metabolism; Binding sites; Disease Resistance - immunology; Genomes; Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology; Host-virus relationships; Humans; Immune clearance; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity, Innate; Infections; Influenza; Influenza A; influenza A virus; Influenza A virus - immunology; Influenza A virus - physiology; Influenza viruses; Influenza, Human - virology; Innate immunity; Kinases; Mutation; Observations; Pandemics; Pathogens; Prevention; Proteins; Review; RNA polymerase; Viral Proteins - metabolism; Virus Replication; Viruses; United States; innate immunity; adaptive immunity; influenza A virus
• ISSN: 1999-4915; 1999-4915
• DOI: 10.3390/v12040376

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are highly contagious pathogens infecting human and numerous animals. The viruses cause millions of infection cases and thousands of deaths every year, thus making IAVs a continual threat to global health. Upon IAV infection, host innate immune system is triggered and activated to restrict virus replication and clear pathogens. Subsequently, host adaptive immunity is involved in specific virus clearance. On the other hand, to achieve a successful infection, IAVs also apply multiple strategies to avoid be detected and eliminated by the host immunity. In the current review, we present a general description on recent work regarding different host cells and molecules facilitating antiviral defenses against IAV infection and how IAVs antagonize host immune responses.