Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis. A systematic review and a Bayesian Network meta-analysis

• Published in: Journal of clinical periodontology Vol. 42; no. 7; pp. 647 - 657
• Main Authors: Rabelo, Cleverton Correa, Feres, Magda, Gonçalves, Cristiane, Figueiredo, Luciene C., Faveri, Marcelo, Tu, Yu-Kang, Chambrone, Leandro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.07.2015
• Subjects: aggressive periodontitis; Aggressive Periodontitis - drug therapy; Aggressive Periodontitis - therapy; amoxicillin; Amoxicillin - therapeutic use; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; anti-infective agents; Antibiotics; Bayes Theorem; Clinical outcomes; Combined Modality Therapy; Dental Scaling - methods; Dentistry; Gum disease; Humans; Meta-analysis; metronidazole; Metronidazole - therapeutic use; Periodontal Attachment Loss - drug therapy; Periodontal Pocket - drug therapy; root planing; Root Planing - methods; Systematic review; anti-infective agents; amoxicillin; aggressive periodontitis; metronidazole; systematic review; root planing
• ISSN: 0303-6979; 1600-051X
• DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12427

Aim The aim of this study was to assess the effect of systemic antibiotic therapy on the treatment of aggressive periodontitis (AgP). Methods This study was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases were searched up to June 2014 for randomized clinical trials comparing the treatment of subjects with AgP with either scaling and root planing (SRP) alone or associated with systemic antibiotics. Bayesian network meta‐analysis was prepared using the Bayesian random‐effects hierarchical models and the outcomes reported at 6‐month post‐treatment. Results Out of 350 papers identified, 14 studies were eligible. Greater gain in clinical attachment (CA) (mean difference [MD]: 1.08 mm; p < 0.0001) and reduction in probing depth (PD) (MD: 1.05 mm; p < 0.00001) were observed for SRP + metronidazole (Mtz), and for SRP + Mtz + amoxicillin (Amx) (MD: 0.45 mm, MD: 0.53 mm, respectively; p < 0.00001) than SRP alone/placebo. Bayesian network meta‐analysis showed additional benefits in CA gain and PD reduction when SRP was associated with systemic antibiotics. Conclusions SRP plus systemic antibiotics led to an additional clinical effect compared with SRP alone in the treatment of AgP. Of the antibiotic protocols available for inclusion into the Bayesian network meta‐analysis, Mtz and Mtz/Amx provided to the most beneficial outcomes.