Effect of endurance training and PGC-1α overexpression on calculated lactate production volume during exercise based on blood lactate concentration

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 1635
• Main Authors: Takeda, Reo, Nonaka, Yudai, Kakinoki, Katsuyuki, Miura, Shinji, Kano, Yutaka, Hoshino, Daisuke
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Nature Publishing Group 31.01.2022; Nature Publishing Group UK; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: Adaptation; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; Animals; Biomarkers - blood; Blood; Blood levels; Citrate (si)-Synthase - metabolism; Citrate synthase; Glycogen; Glycogen - metabolism; Lactic acid; Lactic Acid - blood; Male; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Muscle; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters - metabolism; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Proteins - metabolism; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha - genetics; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha - metabolism; Phosphofructokinase; Phosphofructokinases - metabolism; Phosphorylation; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Physical Endurance; Physical training; Symporters - metabolism; Time Factors; Up-Regulation
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05593-1

Lactate production is an important clue for understanding metabolic and signal responses to exercise but its measurement is difficult. Therefore, this study aimed (1) to develop a method of calculating lactate production volume during exercise based on blood lactate concentration and compare the effects between endurance exercise training (EX) and PGC-1α overexpression (OE), (2) to elucidate which proteins and enzymes contribute to changes in lactate production due to EX and muscle PGC-1α OE, and (3) to elucidate the relationship between lactate production volume and signaling phosphorylations involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. EX and PGC-1α OE decreased muscle lactate production volume at the absolute same-intensity exercise, but only PGC-1α OE increased lactate production volume at the relative same-intensity exercise. Multiple linear regression revealed that phosphofructokinase, monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)1, MCT4, and citrate synthase equally contribute to the lactate production volume at high-intensity exercise within physiological adaptations, such as EX, not PGC-1α OE. We found that an exercise intensity-dependent increase in the lactate production volume was associated with a decrease in glycogen concentration and an increase in P-AMPK/T-AMPK. This suggested that the calculated lactate production volume was appropriate and reflected metabolic and signal responses but further modifications are needed for the translation to humans.