Color Doppler Ultrasonography Is a Useful Tool for Diagnosis of Peripheral Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Ankle-Brachial Index 0.91 to 1.40

• Published in: Diabetes & metabolism journal Vol. 42; no. 1; pp. 63 - 73
• Main Authors: Hur, Kyu Yeon, Jun, Ji Eun, Choi, Young Ju, Lee, Yong Ho, Kim, Dae Jung, Park, Seok Won, Huh, Byung Wook, Lee, Eun Jig, Jee, Sun Ha, Huh, Kap Bum, Choi, Sung Hee
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Korean Diabetes Association 01.02.2018; 대한당뇨병학회
• Subjects: Ankle brachial index; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Original; Peripheral arterial disease; Ultrasonography, Doppler, color; 내과학; Peripheral arterial disease; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Ultrasonography, Doppler, color; Ankle brachial index
• ISSN: 2233-6079; 2233-6087
• DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.42.1.63

The clinical utility of ankle-brachial index (ABI) is not clear in subjects with less severe or calcified vessel. Therefore, we investigated the usefulness of color Doppler ultrasonography for diagnosing peripheral artery disease (PAD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. We analyzed 324 T2DM patients who concurrently underwent ABI and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) measurements and color Doppler ultrasonography from 2003 to 2006. The degree of stenosis in patients with PAD was determined according to Jager's criteria, and PAD was defined as grade III (50% to 99% stenosis) or IV stenosis (100% stenosis) by color Doppler ultrasonography. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were performed to evaluate the risk factors for PAD in patients with ABI 0.91 to 1.40. Among the 324 patients, 77 (23.8%) had ABI 0.91 to 1.40 but were diagnosed with PAD. Color Doppler ultrasonography demonstrated that suprapopliteal arterial stenosis, bilateral lesions, and multivessel involvement were less common in PAD patients with ABI 0.91 to 1.40 than in those with ABI ≤0.90. A multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that older age, current smoking status, presence of leg symptoms, and high CIMT were significantly associated with the presence of PAD in patients with ABI 0.91 to 1.40 after adjusting for conventional risk factors. CIMT showed significant power in predicting the presence of PAD in patients with ABI 0.91 to 1.40. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a useful tool for the detection of PAD in T2DM patients with ABI 0.91 to 1.40 but a high CIMT.