A Review on Secondary Immune Thrombocytopenia in Malaysia

• Published in: Healthcare (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 38
• Main Authors: Zahidin, Muhamad Aidil, Mohd Noor, Noor Haslina, Johan, Muhammad Farid, Abdullah, Abu Dzarr, Zulkafli, Zefarina, Edinur, Hisham Atan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 26.12.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Antibodies; autoimmune disease; Autoimmune diseases; Blood; Blood platelets; Breast cancer; Chronic illnesses; clinical practice guideline; Clinical practice guidelines; Disease; Epidemiology; Hematology; Hepatitis; Immune system; infection; Leukemia; Lupus; malignancy; Patients; Review; secondary immune thrombocytopenia; Thrombocytopenia; Malaysia; secondary immune thrombocytopenia; clinical practice guideline; infection; malignancy; autoimmune disease
• ISSN: 2227-9032; 2227-9032
• DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010038

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease that occurs in adults and children. In Malaysia, the clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the management of ITP was issued in 2006, which focused almost exclusively on primary ITP (pITP), and only a few secondary ITP (sITP) forms were addressed. All published (twenty-three) sITP articles among children and adults in Malaysia, identified on the academic databases were retrieved. The articles were published between 1981 and 2019, at a rate of 0.62 publications per year. The publications were considered low and mainly focused on rare presentation and followed-up of secondary diseases. This review revealed that sITP in Malaysia is commonly associated with autoimmune diseases (Evan's syndrome, SLE and WAS), malignancy (Kaposi's sarcoma and breast cancer) and infection (dengue haemorrhagic fever, and hepatitis C virus). The relationship between ITP and autoimmune diseases, malignancy and infections raise the question concerning the mechanism involved in these associations. Further studies should be conducted to bridge the current knowledge gap, and the further information is required to update the existing CPG of management of ITP in Malaysia.