Characterization, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of some Egyptian wild plant extracts

• Published in: Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 13
• Main Authors: Diab, Thoria A., Donia, Thoria, Saad-Allah, Khalil M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 17.02.2021; Springer; Springer Nature B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Aluminum; Anticancer properties; Antimicrobial agents; Antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antitumor activity; Bioflavonoids; Biological products; Cancer; Chemical composition; Cytotoxicity; Egyptian plants; Ethanol; Flavones; Flavonoids; Flowers & plants; Folk medicine; Free radicals; Gas chromatography; Investigations; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolites; Natural products; Oils & fats; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Plant extracts; Polyphenols; Potassium; Reagents; Scavenging; Sodium; Suaeda; Egypt; United States > US; Antitumor activity; Phytochemicals; Egyptian plants; Antioxidant activity
• ISSN: 2314-8543; 2314-8535; 2314-8543
• DOI: 10.1186/s43088-021-00103-0

Background Natural products from plants are very safe as compared to synthetic ones, so the aim of this study was to assess the in vitro antioxidant and antitumor activities of the ethanolic extracts of four Egyptian wild plant species ( Varthemia candicans , Peganum harmala , Suaeda vermiculata , and Conyza dioscoridis ), as well as polyphenols and flavonoid contents with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of the four plant extracts was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) to determine 50% inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power by phosphomolybdate assay. In addition, the chemical composition of the four sample extracts was investigated using GC-MS. The total phenolic and flavonoid levels were also determined. Then, the antitumor activity of the plant extracts against HepG2 cells was determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results The results showed that Varthemia candicans extract was the highest one regarding both polyphenols and flavonoid contents. Moreover, the extract of Suaeda vermiculata exhibited the lowest half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) against DPPH, thus indicating its highest effectiveness. All studied plant extracts decreased the viability of HepG2 cells, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the lowest IC 50 was for Suaeda vermiculata . Conclusion The investigated plant extracts showed potent antioxidant and antitumor activities in vitro due to their phytochemical contents.