Microtubules are required for efficient epithelial tight junction homeostasis and restoration

• Published in: American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology Vol. 307; no. 3; pp. C245 - C254
• Main Authors: Glotfelty, Lila G, Zahs, Anita, Iancu, Catalin, Shen, Le, Hecht, Gail A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Physiological Society 01.08.2014
• Subjects: Actin Cytoskeleton - metabolism; Adenine - analogs & derivatives; Adenine - pharmacology; Animals; Benzyl Compounds - pharmacology; Caco-2 Cells; Calcium; Calcium - chemistry; Cell Line, Tumor; Cells; Cytoskeleton; Dogs; Dynactin Complex; Dyneins - antagonists & inhibitors; Dyneins - genetics; Dyneins - metabolism; Epithelial Cells - metabolism; Epithelium - metabolism; Golgi Apparatus - genetics; Homeostasis; Humans; Kinesin - genetics; Kinesin - metabolism; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; Microtubule-Associated Proteins - genetics; Microtubules - metabolism; Nocodazole - pharmacology; Occludin - metabolism; Protein Transport; Proteins; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering; Tight Junctions - metabolism; Tubulin Modulators - pharmacology; dynein; microtubules; tight junctions; kinesin
• ISSN: 0363-6143; 1522-1563
• DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00336.2013

Epithelial tight junctions are critical for creating a barrier yet allowing paracellular transport. Although it is well established that the actin cytoskeleton is critical for preserving the dynamic organization of the tight junction and maintaining normal tight junction protein recycling, contributions of microtubules to tight junction organization and function remain undefined. The aim of this study is to determine the role of microtubules in tight junction homeostasis and restoration. Our data demonstrate that occludin traffics on microtubules and that microtubule disruption perturbs tight junction structure and function. Microtubules are also shown to be required for restoring barrier function following Ca(2+) chelation and repletion. These processes are mediated by proteins participating in microtubule minus-end-directed trafficking but not plus-end-directed trafficking. These studies show that microtubules participate in the preservation of epithelial tight junction structure and function and play a vital role in tight junction restoration, thus expanding our understanding of the regulation of tight junction physiology.