Characterization of the tomato Cf-4 gene for resistance to Cladosporium fulvum identifies sequences that determine recognitional specificity in Cf-4 and Cf-9

• Published in: The Plant cell Vol. 9; no. 12; pp. 2209 - 2224
• Main Authors: Thomas, C.M, Jones, D.A, Parniske, M, Harrison, K, Balint-Kurti, P.J, Hatzixanthis, K, Jones, J.D.G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Society of Plant Physiologists 01.12.1997
• Subjects: ADN; Amino Acid Sequence; AMINO ACID SEQUENCES; Amino acids; AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; Base Sequence; CARTE GENETIQUE; CF-4 LOCUS; CF-9 LOCUS; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CHROMOSOME MAPS; Cladosporium; Cladosporium - pathogenicity; CLONACION; CLONAGE; CLONING; Cloning, Molecular; COMPLEMENTARY DNA; COMPLEMENTATION; COMPOSICION QUIMICA; COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE; Cosmids; DISEASE RESISTANCE; DNA; DNA Primers - genetics; DNA, Plant - genetics; FULVIA FULVA; Gels; GENBANK/AJ002235; GENE; GENES; Genes, Plant; Genetic Complementation Test; Genetic loci; GENETIC MAPPING; GENETIC MAPS; GENETIC MARKERS; GENETICA; GENETICS; GENETIQUE; GLICOPROTEINAS; GLYCOPROTEINE; GLYCOPROTEINS; HCR9 GENES; Ligands; LOCI; LOCUS; LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM; Lycopersicon esculentum - genetics; Lycopersicon esculentum - metabolism; Lycopersicon esculentum - microbiology; MAPAS GENETICOS; MARCADORES GENETICOS; MARQUEUR GENETIQUE; Membrane Glycoproteins - chemistry; Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics; Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism; MOLECULAR MAPPING; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; OPEN READING FRAMES; Plant cells; Plant Diseases - genetics; Plant Diseases - microbiology; PLANT PROTEINS; Plant Proteins - chemistry; Plant Proteins - genetics; Plant Proteins - metabolism; PLANTAS TRANSGENICAS; PLANTE TRANSGENIQUE; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Structure, Tertiary; PROTEINAS; PROTEINE; PROTEINS; Recombination, Genetic; RESISTANCE AUX MALADIES; RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD; RFLP; SECUENCIA NUCLEOTIDICA; SEQUENCE NUCLEOTIDIQUE; STRUCTURAL GENES; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; Virulence - genetics
• ISSN: 1040-4651; 1532-298X
• DOI: 10.1105/tpc.9.12.2209

In many interactions between plants and their pathogens, resistance to infection is specified by plant resistance (R) genes and corresponding pathogen avirulence (Avr) genes. In tomato, the Cf-4 and Cf-9 resistance genes map to the same location but confer resistance to Cladosporium fulvum through recognition of different avirulence determinants (AVR4 and AVR9) by a molecular mechanism that has yet to be determined. Here, we describe the cloning and characterization of Cf-4, which also encodes a membrane-anchored extracellular glycoprotein. Cf-4 contains 25 leucine-rich repeats, which is two fewer than Cf-9. The proteins have 91% identical amino acids. DNA sequence comparison suggests that Cf-4 and Cf-9 are derived from a common progenitor sequence. Amino acid differences distinguishing Cf-4 and Cf-9 are confined to their N termini, delimiting a region that determines the recognitional specificity of ligand binding. The majority of these differences are in residues interstitial to those of the leucine-rich repeat consensus motif. Many of these residues are predicted to form a solvent-exposed surface that can interact with the cognate ligand. Both Cf-4 and Cf-9 are located within a 36-kb region comprising five tandemly duplicated homologous genes. These results provide further insight into the molecular basis of pathogen perception by plants and the organization of complex R gene loci