Efficacy of scallop shell powders and slaked lime for inactivating avian influenza virus under harsh conditions

• Published in: Archives of virology Vol. 160; no. 10; pp. 2577 - 2581
• Main Authors: Thammakarn, Chanathip, Tsujimura, Misato, Satoh, Keisuke, Hasegawa, Tomomi, Tamura, Miho, Kawamura, Akinobu, Ishida, Yuki, Suguro, Atsushi, Hakim, Hakimullah, Ruenphet, Sakchai, Takehara, Kazuaki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Vienna Springer Vienna 01.10.2015; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: alkalinity; Animal Shells - chemistry; Animals; Antiviral Agents - chemistry; Antiviral Agents - pharmacology; Avian influenza virus; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Bird migration; Brief Report; Calcium Compounds - chemistry; Calcium Compounds - pharmacology; calcium hydroxide; Ducks; Evolution & development; Immunization; Infectious Diseases; Influenza A virus; Influenza A virus - drug effects; Influenza A virus - growth & development; Influenza in Birds - virology; Medical Microbiology; mixing; neutralization; Oxides - chemistry; Oxides - pharmacology; Pectinidae - chemistry; Poultry; Poultry Diseases - virology; powders; Powders - chemistry; Powders - pharmacology; scallops; solar radiation; titration; Veterinary medicine; Virology; Japan; Avian influenza virus; Harsh conditions; Virus inactivation; Scallop shell powder; Slaked lime
• ISSN: 0304-8608; 1432-8798
• DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2517-9

The efficacy and stability of scallop shell powder (SSP) were investigated, in terms of its capacity to inactivate avian influenza virus (AIV), and compared with slaked lime (SL). An environmental simulation was conducted by emulating sunlight and wet-dry conditions. The powders were collected at consecutive 2-week intervals under sunlight and upon every resuspension. These materials were tested by mixing them with AIV and incubating the mixture for 3 min or 20 h, followed by AIV titration. At the same time, a pH buffering test was conducted by neutralization with Tris-HCl. The results revealed that SSP and SL have high alkalinity and excellent ability to inactivate AIV. In a simulated harsh environment, SSP and SL retained a satisfactory ability to inactivate AIV within 20 h throughout the experimental procedure. However, SSP was able to inactivate AIV during a short contact period (3 min), even under harsh conditions, and it was more resistant than SL to neutralization.