12- and 15-lipoxygenases in adipose tissue inflammation

• Published in: Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators Vol. 104-105; pp. 84 - 92
• Main Authors: Cole, Banumathi K., Lieb, David C., Dobrian, Anca D., Nadler, Jerry L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.07.2013
• Subjects: 12/15-Lipoxygenase; Adipogenesis; Adipose tissue; Animals; Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase - metabolism; Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase - metabolism; Arachidonic Acid - metabolism; Cytokines - metabolism; Diabetes; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - enzymology; Inflammation - pathology; Insulin resistance; Intra-Abdominal Fat - enzymology; Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology; Mice; Obesity; Obesity - enzymology; Obesity - pathology; Signal Transduction; Obesity; Adipose tissue; Insulin resistance; Inflammation; 12/15-Lipoxygenase; Diabetes; Adipogenesis
• ISSN: 1098-8823
• DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2012.07.004

► 12- and 15-lipoxygenases are expressed in many tissues, including adipose tissue. ► 12- and 15-lipoxygenases can generate pro- and anti-inflammatory metabolites. ► 12-Lipoxygenase activity in adipocytes is required for adipocyte differentiation. ► 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in obesity promote the onset of metabolic dysfunction. ► Therapeutics against 12- and 15-lipoxygenases may treat metabolic dysfunction. The lipoxygenases (LOs) are principal enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid. 12- and 15-LO and their lipid metabolites have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance and diabetes. Adipose tissue, and in particular visceral adipose tissue, plays a primary role in the development of the inflammation seen in these conditions. 12- and 15-LO and their lipid metabolites act as upstream regulators of many of the cytokines involved in the inflammatory response in adipose tissue. While the role that 12- and 15-LO play in chronically inflamed adipose tissue is becoming clearer, there are still many questions that remain unanswered regarding their activation, signaling pathways, and roles in healthy fat. 12- and 15-LO also generate products with anti-inflammatory properties that are under investigation. Therefore, 12- and 15-LO have the potential to be very important targets for therapeutics aimed at reducing insulin resistance and the comorbid conditions associated with obesity.