Composition and Antioxidative and Antibacterial Activities of the Essential Oil from Farfugium japonicum

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 6; p. 2774
• Main Authors: Wei, Qiang, Zhang, Yi-Han
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19.03.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Alcohol; Alcohols; Anthracene; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibacterial activity; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; antioxidative activity; Bacteria; Biosynthesis; Carbon Dioxide; chemical components; Chemical composition; Composition; Constituents; Drug resistance; Enzymes; Essential oils; Esters; Farfugium japonicum; Fatty Acids; Flowers & plants; Free radicals; Genes; Gram-positive bacteria; Hydrocarbons; Ketones; Leaves; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Monoterpenes; Oils & fats; Oils, Volatile - chemistry; Oils, Volatile - pharmacology; Phenols; Scavenging; Staphylococcus aureus; Stems; Steroid hormones; Steroids; Supercritical fluids; Supercritical gas extraction; Terpenes; Volatile compounds; Volatile hydrocarbons; volatile oil; antibacterial activity; chemical components; volatile oil; antioxidative activity; Farfugium japonicum
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062774

The composition of volatile oils of the leaf and stem of (L.) Kitamura were prepared by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)-CO . A total 47 and 40 compounds were identified by GC/MS analysis, respectively, and only 13 compounds coexisted. The main constituent types in the leaf oil included alcohols (34.1%), hydrocarbons (24.1%), terpenoids (16.2%), benzenes (7.5%), and fatty acids (4.9%). In the stem oil, the constituent types chiefly included benzenes (18.8%), ketones (13.9%), terpenoids (17.0%), fatty acids (8.8%), phenolics (8.7%), steroids (8.6%), hydrocarbons (8.0%), and esters (5.7%). The predominant volatile compounds in the stem were 2-(1-cyclopent-1-enyl-1-methylethyl) cyclopentanone (11.7%), 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro- 9,10-dimethyl-anthracene (8.4%), 5-heptylresorcinol (6.5%), and -sitosterol (5.2%). Those in the leaf mainly included ( )-3-hexen-1-ol (13.7%) and ( )-3-hexen-1-ol (14.0%). This demonstrated a significant difference in the composition of both oils. Further study showed that stem oils demonstrated the highest DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pinylhydrazyl) and ·OH free radical scavenging capacities at IC values of 9.22 and 0.90 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, they demonstrated the strongest antibacterial capacity against the Gram-positive bacteria methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.16 mg/mL. This could be due to the SFE-CO extraction and the high accumulation of benzenes, terpenoids, and phenolics in the stem. In particular, the monoterpenes presented in terpenoids could play a special role in these findings.