Positive and negative regulation of the myeloid dendritic cell lineage

• Published in: Journal of leukocyte biology Vol. 66; no. 2; pp. 209 - 216
• Main Author: F Santiago-Schwarz
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Society for Leukocyte Biology 01.08.1999
• Subjects: Animals; antigen‐presenting cells; Apoptosis; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Cytokines - physiology; Dendritic Cells - cytology; hematopoiesis; Hematopoiesis - physiology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Humans; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - physiology; myelopoiesis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - physiology
• ISSN: 0741-5400; 1938-3673
• DOI: 10.1002/jlb.66.2.209

Recent advances have revealed that dendritic cells (DCs) are not a single cell type, but a system of cells that are phenotypically and functionally diverse. DC subtypes stemming from the myeloid and lymphoid lineages promote a diversity of immune responses ranging from the stimulation of naive T and B cell responses to the down‐regulation of T cell responses. Although differences in antigen handling are linked to DC developmental stages in the myeloid DC lineage, the particular type of immune response elicited may be determined by a specific DC subtype. This review summarizes key regulatory mechanisms controlling the development of myeloid lineage DCs from multipotent progenitors. Emphasis is placed on describing a highly orchestrated series of proliferative, apoptotic, and developmental events involving granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, transforming growth factor β, and the tumor necrosis factor α, CD95, and bcl‐2 protein families. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 209–216; 1999.