Oligosaccharides: Defense Inducers, Their Recognition in Plants, Commercial Uses and Perspectives

Plants have innate immune systems or defense mechanisms that respond to the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Unlike mammals, they lack mobile defense cells, so defense processes depend on autonomous cellular events with a broad repertoire of recognition to detect pathogens, which compensates for...

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Published inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 24; p. 5972
Main Authors Guarnizo, Nathalie, Oliveros, Diego, Murillo-Arango, Walter, Bermúdez-Cardona, María Bianney
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 16.12.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Acids
Adaptive systems
Chemicals
Defense mechanisms
Immune system
Innate immunity
Kinases
Microorganisms
Oligosaccharides
Pathogenesis
Pathogens
Pesticides
plant defense elicitor
Plant growth
Plant resistance
Recognition
resistance induction
Review
plant defense elicitor
oligosaccharides
resistance induction
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Summary:Plants have innate immune systems or defense mechanisms that respond to the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Unlike mammals, they lack mobile defense cells, so defense processes depend on autonomous cellular events with a broad repertoire of recognition to detect pathogens, which compensates for the lack of an adaptive immune system. These defense mechanisms remain inactive or latent until they are activated after exposure or contact with inducing agents, or after the application of the inductor; they remain inactive only until they are affected by a pathogen or challenged by an elicitor from the same. Resistance induction represents a focus of interest, as it promotes the activation of plant defense mechanisms, reducing the use of chemical synthesis pesticides, an alternative that has even led to the generation of new commercial products with high efficiency, stability and lower environmental impact, which increase productivity by reducing not only losses but also increasing plant growth. Considering the above, the objective of this review is to address the issue of resistance induction with a focus on the potential of the use of oligosaccharides in agriculture, how they are recognized by plants, how they can be used for commercial products and perspectives.
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ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules25245972