Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antitumor Compounds of Leaves and Stems of Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 2; p. 630
• Main Authors: Youssef, Ahmed M M, Maaty, Doaa A M, Al-Saraireh, Yousef M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 07.01.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Bioactive compounds; Biological activity; Breast cancer; Caco-2 Cells; Calystegia; Calystegia Silvatica; Cancer therapies; cancers; Cervical cancer; Cervix; Colorectal cancer; Cytotoxicity; Doxorubicin; Fatty acids; Flavonoids; Hexanes; Humans; Hydrocarbons; Leaves; Liquid chromatography; Methanol; Natural products; Phytochemicals - pharmacology; phytochemistry; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plants; Plants (botany); Polyphenols; Prostate cancer; Stems; Sterols; Tumor cell lines; Tumors; Calystegia Silvatica; cancers; cytotoxicity; phytochemistry
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020630

Anti-tumor compounds from natural products are being investigated as possible alternatives for cancer chemotherapeutics that have serious adverse effects and tumor resistance. was collected from the north coast of Egypt and extracted via methanol and -hexane sub-fraction. The biologically active compounds of were identified from the methanol and -hexane extracts from the leaves and stems of the plant using GC-MS and HPLC. The antitumor properties of both parts of the plant were investigated against cancer and non-cancer cell lines using the MTT assay, and the IC in comparison to doxorubicin was calculated. The main compounds identified in the methanol extract were -vaccenic acid and -13-octadecenoic acid in the leaves and stems, respectively, and phenyl undecane and 3,7,11,15 tetramethyl-2-hexadeca-1-ol in the -hexane extracts of the leaves and stems, respectively. Both parts of the plant contained fatty acids that have potential antitumor properties. The methanol extract from the stems of showed antitumor properties against HeLa, with an IC of 114 ± 5 μg/mL, PC3 with an IC of 137 ± 18 μg/mL and MCF7 with an IC of 172 ± 15 μg/mL, which were greater than Caco2, which had an IC of 353 ± 19 μg/mL, and HepG2, which had an IC of 236 ± 17 μg/mL. However, the leaf extract showed weak antitumor properties against all of the studied cancer cell lines (HeLa with an IC of 208 ± 13 μg/mL, PC3 with an IC of 336 ± 57 μg/mL, MCF7 with an IC of 324 ± 17 μg/mL, Caco2 with an IC of 682 ± 55 μg/mL and HepG2 with an IC of 593 ± 22 μg/mL). Neither part of the plant extract showed any cytotoxicity to the normal cells (WI38). Therefore, stems may potentially be used for the treatment of cervical, prostate and breast cancer.