Weaning and extubation from neonatal mechanical ventilation: an evidenced-based review

• Published in: BMC pulmonary medicine Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 421 - 12
• Main Authors: Sangsari, Razieh, Saeedi, Maryam, Maddah, Marzieh, Mirnia, Kayvan, Goldsmith, Jay P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 16.11.2022; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Airway Extubation; Artificial respiration; Birth weight; Carbon dioxide; Cohort analysis; Complications and side effects; Extubation; Gas exchange; Gestational age; Health aspects; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infants (Newborn); Intubation, Intratracheal; Mechanical ventilation; Neonates; Non-invasive ventilation; Oxygen therapy; Oxygenation; Patient outcomes; Patients; Pulmonology; Respiration; Respiration, Artificial; Review; Ventilator Weaning; Ventilators; Weaning; Iran; Infant; Ventilator weaning; Non-invasive ventilation; Airway extubation
• ISSN: 1471-2466; 1471-2466
• DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02223-4

Mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving treatment used to treat critical neonatal patients. It facilitates gas exchange, oxygenation, and CO2 removal. Despite advances in non-invasive ventilatory support methods in neonates, invasive ventilation (i.e., ventilation via an endotracheal tube) is still a standard treatment in NICUs. This ventilation approach may cause injury despite its advantages, especially in preterm neonates. Therefore, it is recommended that neonatologists consider weaning neonates from invasive mechanical ventilation as soon as possible. This review examines the steps required for the neonate's appropriate weaning and safe extubation from mechanical ventilation.