Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases peritonsillar abscess susceptibility: real-world evidence

• Published in: Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology Vol. 14; no. 3; pp. 347 - 354
• Main Authors: Wu, Ching-Lung, Tsai, Ming-Shao, Lee, Ta-Jen, Wang, Yun-Ting, Liu, Chia-Yen, Yang, Yao-Hsu, Tsai, Yao-Te, Hsu, Cheng-Ming, Wu, Ching-Yuan, Chang, Pey-Jium, Chang, Geng-He
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 01.08.2021; 대한이비인후과학회
• Subjects: diabetes complications severity index; hyperglycemia; Original; peritonsillar abscess; quinsy; type 2 diabetes mellitus; 이비인후과학; type 2 diabetes mellitus; hyperglycemia; peritonsillar abscess; DCSI; quinsy; PTA
• ISSN: 1976-8710; 2005-0720
• DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2020.02257

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for deep neck infection (DNI) and lead to complications and poor outcomes. Our study aims to investigate the risk, prognosis, and complications of peritonsillar abscess (PTA) in patients with T2DM. We extracted data of patients newly diagnosed as having T2DM between January 2000 and December 2011 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database. These patients were matched with patients without T2DM, and PTA incidence was compared between the both cohorts. In total, 67 852 patients with and 135 704 patients without T2DM were enrolled. PTA incidence was significantly higher in patients with T2DM (incidence rate ratio: 1.91, P < .001); moreover, PTA incidence was higher at 1 to 5 years after T2DM diagnosis than at <1 and >5 years after T2DM diagnosis. Cox regression analysis showed that patients with T2DM had an approximately 2-fold higher PTA risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.89, P < .001). Patients with a higher adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) had higher PTA risk than those with a lower aDCSI (aHRs: 2.17 for aDCSI ≥ 1 [P = .006] and 1.81 [1.24-2.64] for aDCSI = 0 [P = .002]). T2DM patients with high aDCSI (≥1) had nonsignificantly longer hospitalization duration, higher DNI complication than did those with low aDCSI (=0). In patients with T2DM, PTA incidence was relatively high, and it increased with T2DM severity. Moreover, diabetic patients diagnosed within 1 to 5 years should be careful about PTA infection and physicians should keep in mind that PTA prognosis was correlated with T2DM severity.