MicroRNAs as T Lymphocyte Regulators in Multiple Sclerosis

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA with regulatory activities, which generally regulates the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is thought to be an autoimmune-mediated chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the cen...

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Published inFrontiers in molecular neuroscience Vol. 15; p. 865529
Main Authors Wang, Lin, Liang, Yuanyuan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 25.04.2022
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
Antigens
Autoimmune diseases
biomarkers
Central nervous system
Cloning
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Demyelinating diseases
Demyelination
Disease
Gene expression
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Multiple sclerosis
Neuroscience
Pathogenesis
Peptides
Post-transcription
Remission (Medicine)
T lymphocytes
therapy
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
T lymphocytes
pathogenesis
MicroRNAs
biomarkers
multiple sclerosis
therapy
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Summary:MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding small RNA with regulatory activities, which generally regulates the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is thought to be an autoimmune-mediated chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that typically affect young adults. T lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of MS, and studies have suggested that miRNAs are involved in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and functional maintenance of T lymphocytes in MS. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs may lead to the differentiation balance and dysfunction of T lymphocytes, and they are thus involved in the occurrence and development of MS. In addition, some specific miRNAs, such as miR-155 and miR-326, may have potential diagnostic values for MS or be useful for discriminating subtypes of MS. Moreover, miRNAs may be a promising therapeutic strategy for MS by regulating T lymphocyte function. By summarizing the recent literature, we reviewed the involvement of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of MS, the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and disease progression of MS by regulating T lymphocytes, the possibility of differentially expressed miRNAs to function as biomarkers for MS diagnosis, and the therapeutic potential of miRNAs in MS by regulating T lymphocytes.
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Edited by: Francesca Fallarino, University of Perugia, Italy
Reviewed by: Francisco Sanchez-Madrid, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain; Evgeny Ermakov, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (RAS), Russia
This article was submitted to Brain Disease Mechanisms, a section of the journal Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
ISSN:1662-5099
1662-5099
DOI:10.3389/fnmol.2022.865529