Adaptive Cellular Immunity against African Swine Fever Virus Infections

• Published in: Pathogens (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 2; p. 274
• Main Authors: Schäfer, Alexander, Franzoni, Giulia, Netherton, Christopher L, Hartmann, Luise, Blome, Sandra, Blohm, Ulrike
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.02.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adaptive immunity; African swine fever; African swine fever virus; Animal populations; Animals; antigen-presenting cells; Antigens; Asfarviridae; Cell-mediated immunity; Chemokines; Cytokines; Epitopes; Fever; Gene expression; Genotype & phenotype; Hemorrhage; Hemorrhagic disease; Hogs; Infections; Lethality; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Medical research; Myeloid cells; Pathogens; Review; Swine; T cell receptors; T cells; Vaccines; Viral infections; Virulence; Viruses; antigen-presenting cells; vaccines; African swine fever virus; cytokines; porcine disease; T cells; adaptive immunity
• ISSN: 2076-0817; 2076-0817
• DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020274

African swine fever virus (ASFV) remains a threat to global pig populations. Infections with ASFV lead to a hemorrhagic disease with up to 100% lethality in Eurasian domestic and wild pigs. Although myeloid cells are the main target cells for ASFV, T cell responses are impacted by the infection as well. The complex responses remain not well understood, and, consequently, there is no commercially available vaccine. Here, we review the current knowledge about the induction of antiviral T cell responses by cells of the myeloid lineage, as well as T cell responses in infected animals, recent efforts in vaccine research, and T cell epitopes present in ASFV.