The Association Between Folate and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative disease leading to dementia in the elderly. Increasing evidence indicates that folate plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. To investigate the role of folate deficiency/possible deficiency in the risk of AD and t...

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Published inFrontiers in neuroscience Vol. 15; p. 661198
Main Authors Zhang, Xiaohong, Bao, Guangyi, Liu, Debiao, Yang, Yu, Li, Xuezhi, Cai, Gaomei, Liu, Yan, Wu, Yili
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 14.04.2021
Frontiers Media S.A
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Summary:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of neurodegenerative disease leading to dementia in the elderly. Increasing evidence indicates that folate plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. To investigate the role of folate deficiency/possible deficiency in the risk of AD and the benefical effect of sufficient folate intake on the prevention of AD, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. The Web of Science, PubMed, CENTRAL, EBSCO, CNKI, CQVIP, and Wanfang databases were searched. The analysis of cross-sectional studies showed that the standardized mean difference (SMD) was -0.60 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.65, -0.55), indicating that plasma/serum folate level is lower in AD patients than that in controls. Moreover, the combined odds ratio (OR) of case-control studies was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.99), while the combined ORs were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.46, 1.26) and 1.94 (95% CI: 1.02, 2.86) in populations with normal levels of folate (≥13.5 nmol/L) and folate deficiency/possible deficiency (<13.5 nmol/L), respectively. In addition, the risk ratio (RR) of the cohort studies was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.57) in populations with folate deficiency/possible deficiency. Furthermore, when the intake of folate was equal to or higher than the recommended daily allowance, the combined RR and hazard ratio (HR) were 0.44 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.71) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.99), respectively. These results indicate that folate deficiency/possible deficiency increases the risk for AD, while sufficient intake of folate is a protective factor against AD.
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SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
This article was submitted to Neuroenergetics, Nutrition and Brain Health, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience
Reviewed by: May A. Beydoun, National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States; David Smith, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
Edited by: Johanna O. Ojala, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
ISSN:1662-4548
1662-453X
1662-453X
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2021.661198