Andrographolide: A Herbal-Chemosynthetic Approach for Enhancing Immunity, Combating Viral Infections, and Its Implication on Human Health

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 26; no. 22; p. 7036
• Main Authors: Mishra, Archana, Shaik, Haq Abdul, Sinha, Rakesh Kumar, Shah, Bakht Ramin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 21.11.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Andrographis paniculata (AP); andrographolide (AGL); anti-manic; anti-microbial; Antiviral Agents - chemical synthesis; Antiviral Agents - chemistry; Antiviral Agents - pharmacology; Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use; Apoptosis; Cell activation; Cell cycle; Cell growth; Chronic illnesses; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 epidemic; Dengue fever; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Disease transmission; Diterpenes; Diterpenes - chemical synthesis; Diterpenes - chemistry; Diterpenes - pharmacology; Diterpenes - therapeutic use; Drug dosages; Drugs; Epidemics; Fibrosis; Glucose; Health; Hepatitis; Herbal medicine; Human populations; Humans; immune booster; Immune System - drug effects; Immunity; Immunity (Disease); Immunostimulants; Immunosuppressive agents; Infections; Inflammation; Influenza A; Lactones; Liver cancer; Macrophages; Medical research; Metabolites; Microorganisms; Nanoparticles; Plants, Medicinal - chemistry; Plants, Medicinal - immunology; Proteins; Public health; Review; Secondary metabolites; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Side effects; Signal transduction; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumors; Vector-borne diseases; Viral infections; Virus Diseases - drug therapy; Viruses; Zika virus; anti-manic; herbal-chemo remedy; COVID-19 epidemic; andrographolide (AGL); Andrographis paniculata (AP); anti-microbial; immune booster
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227036

Plants consistently synthesize and accumulate medically valuable secondary metabolites which can be isolated and clinically tested under in vitro conditions. An advancement with such important phytochemical production has been recognized and utilized as herbal drugs. Bioactive andrographolide (AGL; C H O ) isolated from (AP) (Kalmegh) is a diterpenoid lactones having multifunctional medicinal properties including anti-manic, anti-inflammatory, liver, and lung protective. AGL is known for its immunostimulant activity against a variety of microbial infections thereby, regulating classical and alternative macrophage activation, Ag-specific antibody production during immune disorder therapy. In vitro studies with AGL found it to be effective against multiple tumors, neuronal disorders, diabetes, pneumonia, fibrosis, and other diverse therapeutic misadventures. Generally, virus-based diseases like ZIKA, influenza A virus subtype (H1NI), Ebola (EBOV), Dengue (DENV), and coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics have greatly increased scientific interest and demands to develop more effective and economical immunomodulating drugs with minimal side effects. Trials and in vitro pharmacological studies with AGL and medicinally beneficial herbs might contribute to benefit the human population without using chemical-based synthetic drugs. In this review, we have discussed the possible role of AGL as a promising herbal-chemo remedy during human diseases, viral infections and as an immunity booster.