Circulating Tumour DNA as Biomarker for Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

• Published in: Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 12; no. 21; p. 2520
• Main Authors: Wullaert, Lissa, van Rees, Jan M, Martens, John W M, Verheul, Henk M W, Grünhagen, Dirk J, Wilting, Saskia M, Verhoef, Cornelis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25.10.2023
• Subjects: Bias; Biological markers; Biomarkers; cfDNA (circulating free DNA); Chemotherapy; Circulating Tumor DNA - genetics; Colorectal cancer; colorectal liver metastases (CRLM); Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics; Combined Modality Therapy; Confidence intervals; ctDNA (circulating tumour DNA); Diagnosis; Genetic aspects; Health aspects; Humans; liquid biopsy; Liver; Liver cancer; Liver Neoplasms - genetics; Medical prognosis; Meta-analysis; Metastases; Metastasis; minimal residual disease (MRD); Mitochondrial DNA; Mutation; Patients; Surgery; Survival; Systematic review; Tumors; Netherlands; cfDNA (circulating free DNA); minimal residual disease (MRD); ctDNA (circulating tumour DNA); colorectal liver metastases (CRLM); liquid biopsy
• ISSN: 2073-4409; 2073-4409
• DOI: 10.3390/cells12212520

Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a potential biomarker that could contribute to more judicious patient selection for personalised treatment. This review and meta-analysis gives an overview of the current knowledge in the literature investigating the value of ctDNA in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases for studies published prior to the 26th of May 2023. Studies investigating the association between ctDNA and oncological outcomes in patients undergoing curative-intent local therapy for CRLM were included. Meta-analyses were performed to pool hazard ratios (HR) for the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of eleven studies were included and nine were eligible for meta-analyses. Patients with detectable ctDNA after surgery experienced a significantly higher chance of recurrence (HR 3.12, 95% CI 2.27-4.28, < 0.000010) and shorter OS (HR 5.04, 95% CI 2.53-10.04, < 0.00001) compared to patients without detectable ctDNA. A similar association for recurrence was found in patients with detectable ctDNA after the completion of adjuvant therapy (HR 6.39, 95% CI 2.13-19.17, < 0.0009). The meta-analyses revealed no association between detectable ctDNA before surgery and the RFS and OS. These meta-analyses demonstrate the strong association between detectable ctDNA after treatment and oncological outcomes in CRLM patients.