Discrimination of Chrysanthemum Varieties Using Hyperspectral Imaging Combined with a Deep Convolutional Neural Network

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 23; no. 11; p. 2831
• Main Authors: Wu, Na, Zhang, Chu, Bai, Xiulin, Du, Xiaoyue, He, Yong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 31.10.2018; MDPI
• Subjects: Artificial intelligence; Chrysanthemum; Classification; deep convolutional neural network; Deep learning; Discriminant analysis; Hyperspectral imaging; Machine learning; Neural networks; Principal components analysis; Qualitative analysis; Quantitative analysis; Spectrum analysis; Support vector machines; Tea; variety discrimination; Wavelengths; Chrysanthemum; deep convolutional neural network; hyperspectral imaging; variety discrimination
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112831

Rapid and accurate discrimination of varieties is very important for producers, consumers and market regulators. The feasibility of using hyperspectral imaging combined with deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) algorithm to identify varieties was studied in this paper. Hyperspectral images in the spectral range of 874⁻1734 nm were collected for 11,038 samples of seven varieties. Principal component analysis (PCA) was introduced for qualitative analysis. Score images of the first five PCs were used to explore the differences between different varieties. Second derivative (2nd derivative) method was employed to select optimal wavelengths. Support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and DCNN were used to construct discriminant models using full wavelengths and optimal wavelengths. The results showed that all models based on full wavelengths achieved better performance than those based on optimal wavelengths. DCNN based on full wavelengths obtained the best results with an accuracy close to 100% on both training set and testing set. This optimal model was utilized to visualize the classification results. The overall results indicated that hyperspectral imaging combined with DCNN was a very powerful tool for rapid and accurate discrimination of varieties. The proposed method exhibited important potential for developing an online evaluation system.