Late Neolithic expansion of ancient Chinese revealed by Y chromosome haplogroup O3a1c-002611

• Published in: Journal of systematics and evolution : JSE Vol. 51; no. 3; pp. 280 - 286
• Main Authors: WANG, Chuan-Chao, YAN, Shi, QIN, Zhen-Dong, LU, Yan, DING, Qi-Liang, WEI, Lan-Hai, LI, Shi-Lin, YANG, Ya-Jun, JIN, Li, LI, Hui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Beijing Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2013; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China%Group of Computational Genetics, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
• Subjects: Expansion; Han Chinese; Neolithic Age; population expansion; Y chromosome; Han Chinese; Neolithic Age; population expansion; Y chromosome
• ISSN: 1674-4918; 1759-6831
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1759-6831.2012.00244.x

Y chromosome haplogroup O3‐M122 is the most prevalent haplogroup in East Asia, and provides an ideal tool for dissecting primary dispersals of the East Asians. Most of the sub‐haplogroups of O3‐M122 have been sufficiently investigated except for O3a1c‐002611, despite its great prevalence and huge population, especially in Han Chinese. In this study, we identified 508 individuals with haplogroup O3a1c‐002611 out of 7801 males from 117 East and Southeast Asian populations, typed at two newly discovered downstream Y‐SNP markers and ten commonly used Y‐STRs. Defined by SNPs IMS‐JST002611 (in short, 002611), F11, and F238, three lineages internal to haplogroup O3a1c‐002611 have distinct geographical distributions. Furthermore, Y‐STR diversity shows a general south‐to‐north decline, which is consistent with the prehistorically northward migration of the other O3‐M122 lineages. The northward migration of haplogroup O3a1c‐002611 started about 13 thousand years ago (KYA). The expansions of subclades F11 and F238 in ancient Han Chinese began about 5 and 7 KYA immediately after the separation between the ancestors of the Han Chinese and Tibeto‐Burman.