Determinants of Grip Strength in Healthy Subjects Compared to That in Patients Recovering From a Distal Radius Fracture

• Published in: The Journal of hand surgery (American ed.) Vol. 37; no. 9; pp. 1874 - 1880
• Main Authors: Bot, Arjan G.J., Mulders, Marjolein A.M., Fostvedt, Sigrid, Ring, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.09.2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anxiety; Anxiety - complications; Anxiety - physiopathology; Biological and medical sciences; Body Mass Index; Depression; Depression - complications; Depression - physiopathology; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; distal radius fracture; Female; Fracture Healing - physiology; Functional Laterality - physiology; grip strength; Hand Strength - physiology; Humans; Injuries of the limb. Injuries of the spine; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Mood disorders; Orthopedics; pain; Pain - physiopathology; Postoperative Complications - physiopathology; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Radius Fractures - physiopathology; Radius Fractures - therapy; Reference Values; Sex Factors; Statistics as Topic; Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents; Wrist Injuries - physiopathology; Wrist Injuries - therapy; Young Adult; pain; Anxiety; grip strength; depression; distal radius fracture; Mood disorder; Human; Gripping; Radius; Muscle strength; Healthy subject; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Depression; Fracture; Trauma; Pain; Orthopedics; Strength
• ISSN: 0363-5023; 1531-6564; 1531-6564
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.04.032

Grip strength is influenced primarily by body mass index, sex, and age. It is also partly voluntary and correlates with symptoms of depression. This study examined whether psychological factors influence grip more in the setting of injury than in healthy volunteers. Grip strength was evaluated in one hundred subjects, 50 healthy individuals and 50 patients 6 weeks after a nonsurgically treated fracture of the distal radius. Grip strength was measured as the mean of 3 attempts, and patients completed questionnaires for arm-specific disability (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand), depression, pain anxiety, catastrophic thinking, and negative thoughts in response to pain. The mean grip strength in the injured group was 55% of the uninjured side. Pain anxiety accounted for 9% of the variability in grip strength in injured wrists. Among healthy patients, sex was the only correlate of dominant-side grip strength, and body mass index accounted for 8% of the variation in the grip strength of the nondominant side divided by the dominant side. The majority of the variation in grip strength remains unaccounted for, but physical factors correlate best with grip strength and percent grip strength of the nondominant side divided by the dominant side in healthy patients, and psychological factors correlate best with absolute grip in patients recovering from distal radius fractures. The influences on grip strength are complex, but the differences among recovering and healthy patients demonstrate a role for nonphysical factors in grip strength during recovery. Diagnostic III.