How do base-pairing small RNAs evolve?

The increasing numbers of characterized base-pairing small RNAs (sRNAs) and the identification of these regulators in a broad range of bacteria are allowing comparisons between species and explorations of sRNA evolution. In this review, we describe some examples of trans-encoded base-pairing sRNAs t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFEMS microbiology reviews Vol. 39; no. 3; pp. 379 - 391
Main Authors Updegrove, Taylor B., Shabalina, Svetlana A., Storz, Gisela
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Oxford University Press 01.05.2015
Subjects
Bacteria - genetics
Base Pairing
Biological evolution
Evolution, Molecular
mRNA
Regulators
Review
RNA, Bacterial - genetics
RNA, Small Untranslated - genetics
Selection, Genetic
Species Specificity
mosaic pattern of selective pressure
Hfq
sRNAs
evolution
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Summary:The increasing numbers of characterized base-pairing small RNAs (sRNAs) and the identification of these regulators in a broad range of bacteria are allowing comparisons between species and explorations of sRNA evolution. In this review, we describe some examples of trans-encoded base-pairing sRNAs that are species-specific and others that are more broadly distributed. We also describe examples of sRNA orthologs where different features are conserved. These examples provide the background for a discussion of mechanisms of sRNA evolution and selective pressures on the sRNAs and their mRNA target(s). In this review, we summarize the essential features of base-pairing small RNAs (sRNAs) and their mRNA targets, describe sRNAs showing different levels of conservation and discuss possible mechanisms of sRNA evolution as well as selective pressures on the sRNAs and their targets.
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ISSN:1574-6976
0168-6445
1574-6976
DOI:10.1093/femsre/fuv014