Glycine by enteral route does not improve major clinical outcomes in severe COVID-19: a randomized clinical pilot trial

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 11566 - 10
• Main Authors: Vargas, Mario H., Chávez, Jaime, Del-Razo-Rodríguez, Rosangela, Muñoz-Perea, Carolina, Romo-Domínguez, Karina Julieta, Báez-Saldaña, Renata, Rumbo-Nava, Uriel, Guerrero-Zúñiga, Selene
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 21.05.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 692/308/2779/777; 692/308/53/2422; 692/699/1785/3193; 692/699/255/2514; Aged; Clinical outcomes; COVID-19; COVID-19 - blood; COVID-19 - mortality; COVID-19 - therapy; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokines; Cytokines - blood; Endothelium; Female; Fibrinogen; Fibrinogen - analysis; Fibrinogen - metabolism; Glycine; Glycine - administration & dosage; Glycine - therapeutic use; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Inflammation; Laboratory tests; Male; Mechanical ventilation; Middle Aged; Mortality; multidisciplinary; NCT; NCT04443673; Pilot Projects; Respiration, Artificial; SARS-CoV-2; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Treatment Outcome; Ventilation; Weaning
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62321-7

There is a worrying scarcity of drug options for patients with severe COVID-19. Glycine possesses anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, endothelium-protective, and platelet-antiaggregant properties, so its use in these patients seems promising. In this open label, controlled clinical trial, inpatients with severe COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation randomly received usual care (control group) or usual care plus 0.5 g/kg/day glycine by the enteral route (experimental group). Major outcomes included mortality, time to weaning from mechanical ventilation, total time on mechanical ventilation, and time from study recruitment to death. Secondary outcomes included laboratory tests and serum cytokines. Patients from experimental (n = 33) and control groups (n = 23) did not differ in basal characteristics. There were no differences in mortality (glycine group, 63.6% vs control group, 52.2%, p = 0.60) nor in any other major outcome. Glycine intake was associated with lower fibrinogen levels, either evaluated per week of follow-up (p < 0.05 at weeks 1, 2, and 4) or as weighted mean during the whole hospitalization (608.7 ± 17.7 mg/dl vs control 712.2 ± 25.0 mg/dl, p = 0.001), but did not modify any other laboratory test or cytokine concentration. In summary, in severe COVID-19 glycine was unable to modify major clinical outcomes, serum cytokines or most laboratory tests, but was associated with lower serum fibrinogen concentration. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04443673, 23/06/2020.