Calboxyvinyl polymer adjuvant enhances respiratory IgA responses through mucosal and systemic administration

Adjuvants play a crucial role in enhancing vaccine efficacy. Although several adjuvants have been approved, there remains a demand for safer and more effective adjuvants for nasal vaccines. Here, we identified calboxyvinyl polymer (CVP) as a superior mucosal vaccine adjuvant from pharmaceutical base...

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Bibliographic Details
Published innpj vaccines Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 28 - 19
Main Authors Sasaki, Eita, Asanuma, Hideki, Momose, Haruka, Maeyama, Jun–ichi, Moriyama, Saya, Nagata, Noriyo, Suzuki, Tadaki, Hamaguchi, Isao, Hasegawa, Hideki, Takahashi, Yoshimasa
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 11.02.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
631/250/255/1578
631/250/590/1883
631/250/590/2291
631/250/590/2294
Adjuvants
Antibodies
Antigens
Biomarkers
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cytotoxicity
Gene expression
Immunity (Disease)
Infections
Infectious Diseases
Influenza
Lavage
Medical Microbiology
Pharmaceuticals
Polymers
Public Health
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Toxicity
Toxins
Vaccine
Vaccines
Virology
Viruses
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Summary:Adjuvants play a crucial role in enhancing vaccine efficacy. Although several adjuvants have been approved, there remains a demand for safer and more effective adjuvants for nasal vaccines. Here, we identified calboxyvinyl polymer (CVP) as a superior mucosal vaccine adjuvant from pharmaceutical base materials using our screening systems; single nasal vaccination of the CVP-combined influenza split vaccine-induced antigen-specific IgA and IgG antibodies and provided protection against lethal influenza virus infection. Furthermore, nasal vaccination with CVP-combined severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antigen protected against the virus and stimulated the production of highly cross-reactive IgG antibodies against variants XBB1.5 and JN.1. Intriguingly, intramuscular vaccination of the CVP-combined vaccine also elicited the production of IgA antibodies in both nasal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in mice and cynomolgus monkeys. CVP therefore offers superior adjuvanticity to existing adjuvants and is anticipated to be a safe and effective adjuvant for mucosal vaccines.
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ISSN:2059-0105
2059-0105
DOI:10.1038/s41541-025-01086-0