Aloe vera extract functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles as nanoantibiotics against multi-drug resistant clinical bacterial isolates

• Published in: Journal of colloid and interface science Vol. 472; pp. 145 - 156
• Main Authors: Ali, Khursheed, Dwivedi, Sourabh, Azam, Ameer, Saquib, Quaiser, Al-Said, Mansour S., Alkhedhairy, Abdulaziz A., Musarrat, Javed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 15.06.2016
• Subjects: Aloe; Aloe vera; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; antibacterial properties; antibiotics; atomic absorption spectrometry; Bacteria; beta-lactamase; biofilm; Biofilm inhibition; Biofilms - drug effects; Biogenic synthesis; cost effectiveness; drug carriers; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli - drug effects; Escherichia coli - physiology; Escherichia coli Infections - drug therapy; exopolysaccharides; flow cytometry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Green Chemistry Technology; growth models; Humans; Infrared spectroscopy; leaf extracts; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - physiology; microbial growth; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; multiple drug resistance; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Oxidation-Reduction; phenolic compounds; Plant Extracts - chemistry; proteins; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Scanning electron microscopy; spectral analysis; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Staphylococcus aureus - physiology; Synthesis; terpenoids; Transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; Zinc oxide; Zinc Oxide - chemistry; Zinc Oxide - pharmacology; ZnO nanoparticles; Biofilm inhibition; Aloe vera; ZnO nanoparticles; Biogenic synthesis
• ISSN: 0021-9797; 1095-7103; 1095-7103
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.021

[Display omitted] ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were synthesised through a simple and efficient biogenic synthesis approach, exploiting the reducing and capping potential of Aloe barbadensis Miller (A. vera) leaf extract (ALE). ALE-capped ZnO nanoparticles (ALE-ZnONPs) were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. XRD analysis provided the average size of ZnONPs as 15nm. FTIR spectral analysis suggested the role of phenolic compounds, terpenoids and proteins present in ALE, in nucleation and stability of ZnONPs. Flow cytometry and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) data analyses revealed the surface binding and internalization of ZnONPs in Gram +ve (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram −ve (Escherichia coli) cells, respectively. Significant antibacterial activity of ALE-ZnONPs was observed against extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) positive E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates exhibiting the MIC and MBC values of 2200, 2400μg/ml and 2300, 2700μg/ml, respectively. Substantial inhibitory effects of ALE-ZnONPs on bacterial growth kinetics, exopolysaccharides and biofilm formation, unequivocally suggested the antibiotic and anti-biofilm potential. Overall, the results elucidated a rapid, environmentally benign, cost-effective, and convenient method for ALE-ZnONPs synthesis, for possible applications as nanoantibiotics or drug carriers.