Power Fluctuations From Large Wind Farms

• Published in: IEEE transactions on power systems Vol. 22; no. 3; pp. 958 - 965
• Main Authors: Sorensen, P., Cutululis, N.A., Vigueras-Rodriguez, A., Jensen, L.E., Hjerrild, J., Donovan, M.H., Madsen, H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.08.2007; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Computer simulation; Economic forecasting; Fluctuation; Fluctuations; Frequency; Frequency control; Horns; Mathematical models; Offshore structures; power control; Power generation; Reserves; spectral analysis; Time series; Wind energy; Wind energy generation; Wind farms; Wind forecasting; Wind power generation; Wind turbines; Denmark
• ISSN: 0885-8950; 1558-0679
• DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.901615

This paper deals with power fluctuations from wind farms. The time range in focus is between one minute and up to a couple of hours. In this time range, substantial power fluctuations have been observed during unstable weather conditions. A wind power fluctuation model is described, and measured time series from the first large offshore wind farm, Horns Rev in Denmark, are compared to simulated time series. The comparison between measured and simulated time series focuses on the ramping characteristics of the wind farm at different power levels and on the need for system generation reserves due to the fluctuations. The comparison shows a reasonable agreement between simulations and measurements, although there is still room for improvement of the simulation model.