Immunological, antioxidative, and morphological response in combined treatment of ofloxacin and Lactobacillus fermentum ME‐3 probiotic in Salmonella Typhimurium murine model

• Published in: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica Vol. 118; no. 11; pp. 864 - 872
• Main Authors: TRUUSALU, KAI, KULLISAAR, TIIU, HÜTT, PIRJE, MAHLAPUU, RIINA, AUNAPUU, MARINA, AREND, ANDRES, ZILMER, MIHKEL, MIKELSAAR, RAIK‐HIIO, MIKELSAAR, MARIKA
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.11.2010; Blackwell
• Subjects: Animal models; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Bacteriology; biochemical response; Biological and medical sciences; Blood; Cytokines; Cytokines - analysis; Digestive tract; Disease Models, Animal; Experimental infection; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; g-Interferon; gamma -Interferon; Glutathione peroxidase; Glutathione Peroxidase - analysis; Glutathione Reductase - analysis; Ileum; Immune response; Immunohistochemistry; immunological; Infectious diseases; Inflammation; Interleukin 10; Intestine, Small - enzymology; Intestine, Small - immunology; Intestine, Small - microbiology; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus fermentum; Lactobacillus fermentum - physiology; Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3; Lipid peroxidation; Lipid Peroxides - analysis; Liver; Liver - enzymology; Liver - immunology; Liver - microbiology; Logistic Models; Male; Medical sciences; Mice; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; Mucosa; murine model; Nodules; Ofloxacin; Ofloxacin - pharmacology; Paratyphoid Fever - drug therapy; Paratyphoid Fever - immunology; Paratyphoid Fever - microbiology; Paratyphoid Fever - therapy; peroxide; probiotics; Probiotics - pharmacology; reductase; Salmonella enterica; Salmonella Typhimurium; Salmonella typhimurium - growth & development; Salmonella typhimurium - metabolism; Small intestine; Spleen; Spleen - immunology; Spleen - microbiology; Tumor necrosis factor- alpha; Tumor necrosis factor-a; Probiotic; Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3; Animal model; Lactic acid bacteria; Lactobacillus fermentum; biochemical response; murine model; Ofloxacin; Salmonella typhimurium; Fluoroquinolone derivatives; Immunology; Bacteria; Lactobacillaceae; Combined treatment; Antibacterial agent; Quinolone derivatives; Enterobacteriaceae; immunological
• ISSN: 0903-4641; 1600-0463
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2010.02672.x

Truusalu K, Kullisaar T, Hütt P, Mahlapuu R, Aunapuu M, Arend A, Zilmer M, Mikelsaar R‐H, Mikelsaar M. Immunological, antioxidative, and morphological response in combined treatment of ofloxacin and Lactobacillus fermentum ME‐3 probiotic in Salmonella Typhimurium murine model. APMIS 2010; 118: 867-72. We aimed to elucidate the immunological (cytokines), biochemical (antioxidative), and patho‐morphological responses in the gut and liver evoked by the addition of Lactobacillus fermentum ME‐3 to ofloxacin (OFX) treatment in an experimental infection model of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. After challenge with S. Typhimurium and treatment according to different schemes, either with OFX and/or addition of L. fermentum ME‐3, the mice were killed. Blood, liver, spleen, and small intestine samples were plated to detect S. Typhimurium and lactobacilli. Histological slides were prepared from the liver and ileum. The cytokines (IL‐10, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α), the glutathione peroxidase and reductase, the glutathione ratio, and the lipid peroxides (LPO) in mucosa of the small intestine and liver were estimated. The addition of L. fermentum ME‐3 to OFX increased the eradication of S. Typhimurium from tested sites because of antagonistic and antioxidative properties, reduced the presence of typhoid nodules in the liver, and decreased the values of LPO. The immunological response included the reduction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines interferon‐γ and tumour necrosis factor‐α and the increase in anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐10 in the livers of mice without typhoid nodules.