Projections of climate change impacts on central America tropical rainforest

• Published in: Climatic change Vol. 141; no. 1; pp. 93 - 105
• Main Authors: Lyra, André, Imbach, Pablo, Rodriguez, Daniel, Chou, Sin Chan, Georgiou, Selena, Garofolo, Lucas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.03.2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Anthropogenic factors; Atmospheric Sciences; Biodiversity; Biomass; Biosphere; Boundary conditions; Carbon; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide fixation; Carbon sequestration; Climate change; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts; Climate models; Climate studies; Computer simulation; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Ecosystems; Emissions; Environmental impact; General circulation models; Grasslands; Human influences; Phenology; Precipitation; Primary production; Productivity; Projection; Rain forests; Rainforests; Reduction; Simulation; Tropical forests; Vegetation; Central America; ASW, Costa Rica; Panama; Tropical Rainforest; Dynamic Vegetation Model; Tropical Forest Cover; Regional Climate Model; Rainforest Biome
• ISSN: 0165-0009; 1573-1480
• DOI: 10.1007/s10584-016-1790-2

Tropical rainforest plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, accounting for a large part of global net primary productivity and contributing to CO 2 sequestration. The objective of this work is to simulate potential changes in the rainforest biome in Central America subject to anthropogenic climate change under two emissions scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The use of a dynamic vegetation model and climate change scenarios is an approach to investigate, assess or anticipate how biomes respond to climate change. In this work, the Inland dynamic vegetation model was driven by the Eta regional climate model simulations. These simulations accept boundary conditions from HadGEM2-ES runs in the two emissions scenarios. The possible consequences of regional climate change on vegetation properties, such as biomass, net primary production and changes in forest extent and distribution, were investigated. The Inland model projections show reductions in tropical forest cover in both scenarios. The reduction of tropical forest cover is greater in RCP8.5. The Inland model projects biomass increases where tropical forest remains due to the CO 2 fertilization effect. The future distribution of predominant vegetation shows that some areas of tropical rainforest in Central America are replaced by savannah and grassland in RCP4.5. Inland projections under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 show a net primary productivity reduction trend due to significant tropical forest reduction, temperature increase, precipitation reduction and dry spell increments, despite the biomass increases in some areas of Costa Rica and Panama. This study may provide guidance to adaptation studies of climate change impacts on the tropical rainforests in Central America.