Influences of the Interactions of Genetic Variations of Seven Core Circadian Clock Genes with Lifestyle Factors on Metabolic Parameters

• Published in: Lifestyle Genomics Vol. 15; no. 4; pp. 124 - 130
• Main Authors: Yamakawa-Kobayashi, Kimiko, Ishikawa, Sayaka, Miyake, Nagi, Ohhara, Yuya, Goda, Toshinao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel, Switzerland S. Karger AG 01.11.2022; Karger Publishers
• Subjects: Age; Analysis; Animals; Biological clocks; BMAL1 protein; Body mass; Body mass index; Body size; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, LDL - genetics; circadian clock gene; Circadian Clocks - genetics; Circadian rhythm; Circadian rhythms; Clinical Study; CLOCK Proteins - genetics; CLOCK Proteins - metabolism; Cryptochromes; Density; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Dyslipidemia; Epidemiology; Exercise; Genes; Genetic aspects; Genetic diversity; Genetic Variation; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Glucose; Glycated Hemoglobin - genetics; Glycosylated hemoglobin; Hemoglobin; High density lipoprotein; Homeostasis; Humans; Life Style; lifestyle factor; Lifestyles; Low density lipoprotein; Low density lipoproteins; Male; Males; Mammals - metabolism; Metabolic disorders; metabolic parameter; Obesity; Parameters; Period 1 protein; Period 2 protein; Period 3 protein; Physical activity; Physical fitness; Physiological aspects; Regression analysis; Sleep; Type 2 diabetes; Japan; Circadian rhythms; Lifestyle factor; Metabolic parameter; Circadian clock gene
• ISSN: 2504-3161; 2504-3188
• DOI: 10.1159/000525859

Introduction: In mammals, circadian rhythms regulate many behavioral and physiological processes. Genetic and epidemiological studies have shown that dysregulation of the circadian rhythm induces chronic metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We aimed to know the interactions of genetic variations of seven core circadian clock genes with lifestyle factors on the determination of metabolic parameters. Methods: We have analyzed the impacts of genotype of seven core circadian clock genes (i.e., CLOCK, BMAL1, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1, and CRY2) and lifestyle factors (i.e., physical activity and sleep duration) in 575 Japanese males on the determination of metabolic parameters (i.e., body mass index [BMI], serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] levels). Results: We have detected the associations between genotypes of PER3 and serum HbA1c level and genotypes of CRY1 and serum LDL-C level. Additionally, the interactions of the genotypes of PER1 and PER3 with physical activity for determining BMI, the genotypes of CLOCK with physical activity for determining serum HbA1c levels were observed. Furthermore, for determining serum HDL-C levels, the interactions of the genotypes of CRY2 with physical activity or sleep duration were observed. Discussion/Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the interactions of genotypes for core circadian clock genes and lifestyle factors (i.e., physical activity and sleep duration) are important for determining metabolic parameters.