Efficacy of Cognitive Training in Older Adults with and without Subjective Cognitive Decline Is Associated with Inhibition Efficiency and Working Memory Span, Not with Cognitive Reserve

The present study explores the role of cognitive reserve, executive functions, and working memory (WM) span, as factors that might explain training outcomes in cognitive status. Eighty-one older adults voluntarily participated in the study, classified either as older adults with subjective cognitive...

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Published inFrontiers in aging neuroscience Vol. 10; p. 23
Main Authors López-Higes, Ramón, Martín-Aragoneses, María T, Rubio-Valdehita, Susana, Delgado-Losada, María L, Montejo, Pedro, Montenegro, Mercedes, Prados, José M, de Frutos-Lucas, Jaisalmer, López-Sanz, David
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 02.02.2018
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
Aging
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
cognitive reserve
cognitive status
cognitive training
Dementia
Education
efficacy
Executive function
executive functions
Geriatrics
Intervention
Memory
Neuroscience
Older people
Short term memory
Systematic review
working memory
Spain
cognitive status
executive functions
working memory
efficacy
cognitive reserve
cognitive training
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Summary:The present study explores the role of cognitive reserve, executive functions, and working memory (WM) span, as factors that might explain training outcomes in cognitive status. Eighty-one older adults voluntarily participated in the study, classified either as older adults with subjective cognitive decline or cognitively intact. Each participant underwent a neuropsychological assessment that was conducted both at baseline (entailing cognitive reserve, executive functions, WM span and depressive symptomatology measures, as well as the Mini-Mental State Exam regarding initial cognitive status), and then 6 months later, once each participant had completed the training program (Mini-Mental State Exam at the endpoint). With respect to cognitive status the training program was most beneficial for subjective cognitive decline participants with low efficiency in inhibition at baseline (explaining a 33% of Mini-Mental State Exam total variance), whereas for cognitively intact participants training gains were observed for those who presented lower WM span.
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Reviewed by: Paul J. Colombo, Tulane University, United States; Laura Lorenzo-López, University of A Coruña, Spain
Edited by: Ashok Kumar, University of Florida, United States
ISSN:1663-4365
1663-4365
DOI:10.3389/fnagi.2018.00023