Open Science Meets Stem Cells: A New Drug Discovery Approach for Neurodegenerative Disorders

• Published in: Frontiers in neuroscience Vol. 12; p. 47
• Main Authors: Han, Chanshuai, Chaineau, Mathilde, Chen, Carol X-Q, Beitel, Lenore K, Durcan, Thomas M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Research Foundation 06.02.2018; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: Alzheimer's disease; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Cell lines; Drug discovery; FDA approval; induced pluripotent stem cells; Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials; Intellectual property; iPSC-derived neurons; Medical research; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurogenesis; Neuroscience; Open Science; Parkinson's disease; Pluripotency; R&D; Research & development; Stem cells; Canada; United States > US; Montreal Quebec Canada; neurodegenerative diseases; Parkinson's disease; drug discovery; iPSC-derived neurons; induced pluripotent stem cells; Alzheimer's disease; Open Science; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• ISSN: 1662-4548; 1662-453X; 1662-453X
• DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00047

Neurodegenerative diseases are a challenge for drug discovery, as the biological mechanisms are complex and poorly understood, with a paucity of models that faithfully recapitulate these disorders. Recent advances in stem cell technology have provided a paradigm shift, providing researchers with tools to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patient cells. With the potential to generate any human cell type, we can now generate human neurons and develop "first-of-their-kind" disease-relevant assays for small molecule screening. Now that the tools are in place, it is imperative that we accelerate discoveries from the bench to the clinic. Using traditional closed-door research systems raises barriers to discovery, by restricting access to cells, data and other research findings. Thus, a new strategy is required, and the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) and its partners are piloting an "Open Science" model. One signature initiative will be that the MNI biorepository will curate and disseminate patient samples in a more accessible manner through open transfer agreements. This feeds into the MNI open drug discovery platform, focused on developing industry-standard assays with iPSC-derived neurons. All cell lines, reagents and assay findings developed in this open fashion will be made available to academia and industry. By removing the obstacles many universities and companies face in distributing patient samples and assay results, our goal is to accelerate translational medical research and the development of new therapies for devastating neurodegenerative disorders.