Outcomes of Escalating Immunosuppressive Treatments for Recalcitrant Noninfectious Posterior Scleritis

• Published in: Ophthalmology and therapy Vol. 11; no. 6; pp. 2297 - 2307
• Main Authors: Pan, Yuan, Chen, Yu-Xi, Lu, Yao, Xie, Yan-Yan, Xia, Yi-Wen, Liang, Dan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cheshire Springer Healthcare 01.12.2022
• Subjects: Internal Medicine; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Ophthalmology; Original Research; Ciclosporin; Methotrexate; Adalimumab; Recalcitrant noninfectious posterior scleritis; Outcomes; Escalating immunosuppressive treatments
• ISSN: 2193-8245; 2193-6528
• DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00577-w

Introduction This article aimed to summarize the outcomes of escalating immunosuppressive treatments for patients with recalcitrant noninfectious posterior scleritis (PS). Methods Clinical records of 16 patients diagnosed with recalcitrant noninfectious PS in the Ocular Immunity and Uveitis Department of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from September 2016 to December 2021 were reviewed. Patients were treated with escalating immunosuppressive regimen including corticosteroid, immunosuppressants (IMTs), and adalimumab (ADA). Demographic characteristics and clinical findings at each visit were recorded. The doses of prednisone were analyzed. Main outcomes were corticosteroid-sparing effects, control of inflammation, visual acuity, and safety profile. Results Ocular pain was the most common finding (100%), followed by the T sign on the B scan (93.8%) and associated anterior scleritis (75.0%). The average initial dose of prednisone was 25.0 mg/day, and tapered to 11.3 and 5.0 mg/day at month 1 and 3, respectively, with statistical significance ( p  < 0.05). The median overall periods of prednisone tapering to 10, 5, and 0 mg/day were 1.0, 3.0, and 3.0 months, respectively. There were 93.8% of patients receiving prednisone ≤ 10 mg/day and 68.8% of patients off prednisone at last visit. There were 80% of patients treated with IMT and ADA off prednisone at last visit, reaching the highest percentage compared with others. A best-corrected visual acuity of 1.0 or better at last visit was achieved in 10 eyes (62.5%). The escalating treatments showed good safety profile. Conclusion Patients of recalcitrant noninfectious PS benefited from escalating immunosuppressive treatments with favorable visual outcome, in which methotrexate, ciclosporin, and ADA were preferred with good safety.