Effect of Dietary n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Macrosomic Offspring of Diabetic Rats

• Published in: BioMed research international Vol. 2014; no. 2014; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: Guermouche, B., Soulimane-Mokhtari, N. A., Bouanane, S., Merzouk, H., Merzouk, S., Narce, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Puplishing Corporation 01.01.2014; Hindawi Publishing Corporation; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Cholesterol; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetics; Dietary Fats - pharmacology; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology; Female; Fetal Macrosomia - blood; Fetal Macrosomia - diet therapy; Health aspects; Hyperglycemia; Lipids; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Oxidants - blood; Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rodents; Unsaturated fatty acids
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/368107

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of dietary n-3 PUFA on oxidant/antioxidant status, in vitro very low and low density lipoprotein (VLDL-LDL), and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition in macrosomic pups of diabetic mothers. We hypothesized that n-3 PUFA would improve oxidative stress in macrosomia. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats fed with the ISIO diet (control) or with the EPAX diet (enriched in n-3 PUFAs), by streptozotocin. The macrosomic pups were killed at birth (day 0) and at adulthood (day 90). Lipid parameters and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition were investigated. The oxidant/antioxidant status was determined by measuring plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, and VLDL-LDL oxidation. Macrosomic rats of ISIO fed diabetic mothers showed an increase in plasma and VLDL-LDL-triglycerides and VLDL-LDL-cholesterol levels and altered VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition. Plasma ORAC was low with high hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels. The in vitro oxidizability of VLDL-LDL was enhanced in these macrosomic rats. The EPAX diet corrected lipid parameters and improved oxidant/antioxidant status but increased VLDL-LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Macrosomia is associated with lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress. n-3 PUFA exerts favorable effects on lipid metabolism and on the oxidant/antioxidant status of macrosomic rats. However, there are no evident effects on VLDL-LDL oxidation.