In and out: Leishmania metastasis by hijacking lymphatic system and migrating immune cells
The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in mounting immune response against intracellular pathogens, and recent studies have documented its role in facilitating tumor dissemination linked largely with cancer cells. However, in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) caused by Leishmania Viannia subgenus...
Saved in:
Published in | Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology Vol. 12; p. 941860 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Frontiers Media S.A
12.08.2022
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in mounting immune response against intracellular pathogens, and recent studies have documented its role in facilitating tumor dissemination linked largely with cancer cells. However, in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) caused by
Leishmania Viannia
subgenus showing infectious metastasis and resulting in severe distant secondary lesions, the route of escape of these parasites to secondary sites has not yet been investigated in detail. Our results demonstrated that when infection was associated with inflammation and additionally exacerbated by the presence of dsRNA viral endosymbiont (LRV1), lymphatic vessels could serve as efficient routes for infected cells to egress from the primary site and colonize distant organs. We challenged this hypothesis by using the intracellular
Leishmania
protozoan parasites
Leishmania guyanensis (Lgy)
associated with or without a dsRNA viral endosymbiont, exacerbating the infection and responsible for a strong inflammatory response, and favoring metastasis of the infection. We analyzed possible cargo cells and the routes of dissemination through flow cytometry, histological analysis, and
in vivo
imaging in our metastatic model to show that parasites disseminated not only intracellularly but also as free extracellular parasites using migrating immune cells, lymph nodes (LNs), and lymph vessels, and followed intricate connections of draining and non-draining lymph node to finally end up in the blood and in distant skin, causing new lesions. |
---|---|
Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Reviewed by: Smriti Parashar, UC San Diego Health, University of California, San Diego, United States; Paula Mello De Luca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Brazil This article was submitted to Virus and Host, a section of the journal Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Edited by: Song Yang, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China |
ISSN: | 2235-2988 2235-2988 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fcimb.2022.941860 |