An assessment on the quantification of hydrogen releases through oxygen displacement using oxygen sensors

Gas sensors that respond directly to hydrogen are typically used to detect and quantify unintended hydrogen releases. However, alternative means to quantify or mitigate hydrogen releases are sometimes proposed. One recently explored approach has been to use oxygen sensors. This method is based on th...

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Published inInternational journal of hydrogen energy Vol. 39; no. 35; pp. 20484 - 20490
Main Authors BUTTNER, W. J, BURGESS, R, RIVKIN, C, POST, M. B, BOON-BRETT, L, PALMISANO, V, MORETTO, P
Format Conference Proceeding Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Kidlington Elsevier 03.12.2014
Subjects
Alternative fuels. Production and utilization
Applied sciences
Assessments
Control
Displacement
Energy
Exact sciences and technology
Fuel systems
Fuels
Hydrogen
Hydrogen-based energy
Integrity
Monitors
Sensors
Oxygen sensors
Global technical regulation
Hydrogen sensors
Safety
Codes and standards
Hydrogen
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Summary:Gas sensors that respond directly to hydrogen are typically used to detect and quantify unintended hydrogen releases. However, alternative means to quantify or mitigate hydrogen releases are sometimes proposed. One recently explored approach has been to use oxygen sensors. This method is based on the assumption that a hydrogen release will displace oxygen, which can be quantified using oxygen sensors. The use of oxygen sensors to monitor ambient hydrogen concentration has drawbacks, which are explored in the current study. It was shown that this approach may not have adequate accuracy for safety applications and may give misleading results under certain conditions for other applications. Despite its shortcomings, the Global Technical Regulation (GTR) for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Vehicles has explicitly endorsed this method to verify hydrogen vehicles' fuel system integrity. Experimental evaluations designed to impartially assess the ability of oxygen and hydrogen sensors to reliably measure hydrogen concentration changes are presented. Specific limitations on the use of oxygen sensors for hydrogen measurements are identified and alternative sensor technologies that meet the requirements for several applications, including those of the GTR, are proposed.
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ISSN:0360-3199
1879-3487
DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.252