The role of sirtuin 1 and its activator, resveratrol in osteoarthritis

• Published in: Bioscience reports Vol. 39; no. 5
• Main Authors: Deng, Zhenhan, Li, Yusheng, Liu, Haifeng, Xiao, Shengshi, Li, Liangjun, Tian, Jian, Cheng, Chao, Zhang, Greg, Zhang, Fangjie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Portland Press Ltd 31.05.2019
• Subjects: Review; sirtuin 1; chondrocyte; osteoarthitis; resveratrol; cartilage
• ISSN: 0144-8463; 1573-4935
• DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190189

Osteoarthitis (OA) is the most common aging-related joint pathology; the aging process results in changes to joint tissues that ultimately contribute to the development of OA. Articular chondrocytes exhibit an aging-related decline in their proliferative and synthetic capacity. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT 1), a longevity gene related to many diseases associated with aging, is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD )-dependent protein deacetylase and master metabolic regulator. Along with its natural activator resveratrol, SIRT 1 actively participates in the OA pathological progress. SIRT 1 expression in osteoarthritic cartilage decreases in the disease progression of OA; it appears to play a predominantly regulatory role in OA. SIRT 1 can regulate the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins; promote mesenchymal stem cell differentiation; play anti-catabolic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis roles; participate in the autophagic process; and regulate bone homeostasis in OA. Resveratrol can activate SIRT 1 in order to inhibit OA disease progression. In the future, activating SIRT 1 via resveratrol with improved bioavailability may be an appropriate therapeutic approach for OA.