Whey Protein Isolate/Calcium Silicate Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications—Preliminary In Vitro Evaluation

Whey protein isolate (WPI) hydrogels are attractive biomaterials for application in bone repair and regeneration. However, their main limitation is low mechanical strength. Therefore, to improve these properties, the incorporation of ceramic phases into hydrogel matrices is currently being performed...

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Published inMaterials Vol. 16; no. 19; p. 6484
Main Authors Ivory-Cousins, Tayla, Nurzynska, Aleksandra, Klimek, Katarzyna, Baines, Daniel K., Truszkiewicz, Wieslaw, Pałka, Krzysztof, Douglas, Timothy E. L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 29.09.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Biocompatibility
Biological products
Biological properties
Biomedical materials
bone scaffolds
Bones
calcium silicate
Calcium silicates
Cell growth
Compressive properties
Compressive strength
Fibroblasts
Fourier transforms
FTIR
Hydrogels
Mechanical properties
Pharmaceutical industry
Proteins
SEM
Spectrum analysis
Stem cells
Swelling
Tissue engineering
Whey
whey protein
United States
United Kingdom
United Kingdom > UK
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Summary:Whey protein isolate (WPI) hydrogels are attractive biomaterials for application in bone repair and regeneration. However, their main limitation is low mechanical strength. Therefore, to improve these properties, the incorporation of ceramic phases into hydrogel matrices is currently being performed. In this study, novel whey protein isolate/calcium silicate (WPI/CaSiO3) hydrogel biomaterials were prepared with varying concentrations of a ceramic phase (CaSiO3). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the introduction of CaSiO3 to a WPI hydrogel matrix on its physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties. Our Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results showed that CaSiO3 was successfully incorporated into the WPI hydrogel matrix to create composite biomaterials. Swelling tests indicated that the addition of 5% (w/v) CaSiO3 caused greater swelling compared to biomaterials without CaSiO3 and ultimate compressive strength and strain at break. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that WPI hydrogel biomaterials enriched with CaSiO3 demonstrated superior cytocompatibility in vitro compared to the control hydrogel biomaterials without CaSiO3. Thus, this study revealed that the addition of CaSiO3 to WPI-based hydrogel biomaterials renders them more promising for bone tissue engineering applications.
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ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma16196484