Metabolite profile deviations in an oral glucose tolerance test—a comparison between lean and obese individuals

Objective While impaired glucose tolerance diagnosed by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a common trait in obese individuals, less is known about changes in levels of other metabolites. The aim was to reveal the complex alterations in metabolite levels provoked by an OGTT and its perturbati...

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Published inObesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Vol. 22; no. 11; pp. 2388 - 2395
Main Authors Geidenstam, Nina, Spégel, Peter, Mulder, Hindrik, Filipsson, Karin, Ridderstråle, Martin, Danielsson, Anders P.H.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.11.2014
Subjects
Adult
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Body Mass Index
Female
Glucose Intolerance - blood
Glucose Tolerance Test
Health Sciences
Hormones - blood
Humans
Hälsovetenskap
Insulin
Insulin - blood
Insulin resistance
Male
Medical and Health Sciences
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Metabolites
Metabolome
Nutrition and Dietetics
Näringslära
Obesity
Obesity - blood
Obesity - metabolism
Studies
Thinness - blood
Thinness - metabolism
Time Factors
Weight control
Sweden
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Summary:Objective While impaired glucose tolerance diagnosed by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a common trait in obese individuals, less is known about changes in levels of other metabolites. The aim was to reveal the complex alterations in metabolite levels provoked by an OGTT and its perturbation in obese individuals. Methods Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to profile metabolite levels in serum from 14 obese participants (body mass index [BMI] of 43.6 ± 1.5 kg m−2 [mean ± SEM]) at 0, 30, and 120 min during a standard 2‐h 75 g OGTT. Metabolite profiles from six lean individuals (BMI of 22.4 ± 2.4 kg m−2), collected from a previous study, were included for comparison. Results In the obese group, 59 metabolite profiles were determined. Among these, 16 deviated from profiles in the lean group. Deviating metabolites were categorized into three groups. Delayed reduction in levels of five fatty acids. Increased levels at 30 min of five amino acids, including isoleucine and leucine. A blunted increase at 30 min of six metabolites. Conclusions Metabolomics analysis revealed distinct differences in alterations of metabolite levels during an OGTT in obese and lean subjects. To this end, our data suggests a disrupted regulation of ketogenesis, lipolysis and proteolysis in obese individuals.
Bibliography:MR and AD designed the study. MR collected the data from participants. NG and AD carried out the experiments and analyzed the data. NG generated tables and figures. PS, AD, HM and KF performed the study on the lean group, analyzed the data and co‐wrote the manuscript. NG, MR, AD wrote the manuscript. All authors approved the final version.
The authors have no competing interests.
Disclosures
This study was funded by the Swedish Research Council, Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Crafoord Foundation, Skåne University Hospital Foundation, the Albert Påhlsson Foundation, the Lundberg Foundation, the Diabetes Association in Malmö, Region Skåne, ALF, the Magnus Bergvall Foundation, the Fredrik and Ingrid Thurings Foundation, the Borgströms Foundation, the Lars Hierta Foundation, and the Diabetes program at Lund University.
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ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:1930-7381
1930-739X
1930-739X
DOI:10.1002/oby.20868