Ablation of supraventricular tachycardia allows more liberal therapy in some children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder

• Published in: Pediatrics international Vol. 53; no. 5; pp. 715 - 717
• Main Authors: Shetty, Ira, Silver, Eric S., Hordof, Allan J., Goldberg, Pablo H., Liberman, Leonardo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Melbourne, Australia Blackwell Publishing Asia 01.10.2011; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: Adolescent; Age; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - complications; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - drug therapy; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Cardiac arrhythmia; Catheter Ablation; Central Nervous System Stimulants - adverse effects; Central Nervous System Stimulants - therapeutic use; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Children & youth; Drug therapy; Drugs; Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; Female; Humans; Male; Reviews; Side effects; Stratification; supraventricular tachycardia; Tachycardia, Supraventricular - complications; Tachycardia, Supraventricular - physiopathology; Tachycardia, Supraventricular - surgery; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome - complications; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome - surgery
• ISSN: 1328-8067; 1442-200X
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2011.03326.x

Background:  First‐line therapy for children with attention‐deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is stimulant medication, which may have potential cardiovascular side‐effects. In patients with supraventricular tachycardia or Wolf‐Parkinson‐White syndrome (WPW), therapy for ADHD could become challenging. The purpose of the present study was to review the authors' experience of performing electrophysiologic study (EPS) with or without ablation to determine how it affected ADHD therapy. Methods:  Retrospective chart review of patients who underwent EPS between 2002 and 2009 was carried out. All patients under 21 years of age who had prior diagnosis of ADHD were included. Results:  Twenty patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 12.1 ± 2.7 years (range: 5.6–16.8 years). The patients were diagnosed with ADHD on average 3.9 ± 2.7 years (range: 6 months–9 years) prior to the EPS. All patients had a structurally normal heart. Sixteen patients had cardiac symptoms. Seventeen patients underwent ablation of the arrhythmia substrate (16/17, 94% successful). Three patients with asymptomatic WPW were at low risk for life‐threatening arrhythmias and did not have ablation. After the EPS, two patients had increased doses of their ADHD medications, and two patients whose health‐care providers stopped the stimulant medication prior to EPS because of recurrent tachycardia were restarted on medications. All other patients on ADHD medications continued therapy. Conclusions:  EPS for risk stratification and ablation of arrhythmia substrate is safe and effective, allowing more liberal therapy in patients with ADHD and supraventricular tachycardia or WPW.