Emergence of a Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Humans

• Published in: The New England journal of medicine Vol. 360; no. 25; pp. 2605 - 2615
• Main Authors: Dawood, Fatimah S, Jain, Seema, Finelli, Lyn, Shaw, Michael W, Lindstrom, Stephen, Garten, Rebecca J, Gubareva, Larisa V, Xu, Xiyan, Bridges, Carolyn B, Uyeki, Timothy M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Waltham, MA Massachusetts Medical Society 18.06.2009
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical trials; Communicable Diseases, Emerging - epidemiology; Communicable Diseases, Emerging - virology; Disease Outbreaks; Epidemiology; Female; General aspects; Genotype; Humans; Illnesses; Infant; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - classification; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics; Influenza, Human - epidemiology; Influenza, Human - virology; Male; Medical research; Medical sciences; Mexico - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Patients; Phylogeny; Population Surveillance; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; United States - epidemiology; Viruses; Young Adult; United States; Mexico; Human; Orthomyxoviridae; Epidemiology; Virus; Medicine; Vertebrata; Influenzavirus A; Mammalia; Influenza A virus; Swine; Emergence; Artiodactyla; Ungulata
• ISSN: 0028-4793; 1533-4406
• DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0903810

On April 15 and April 17, a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus was identified in two epidemiologically unlinked patients in the United States. The same strain of the virus was identified in Mexico, Canada, and elsewhere. This report describes all confirmed cases in the United States through May 5 and delineates the associated clinical syndrome and key virology. This report describes all confirmed cases of the novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in the United States through May 5 and delineates the associated clinical syndrome and key virology. Triple-reassortant swine influenza viruses, which contain genes from human, swine, and avian influenza A viruses, have been identified in swine in the United States since 1998, 1 , 2 and 12 cases of human infection with such viruses were identified in the United States from 2005 through 2009. 3 On April 15 and April 17, 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified two cases of human infection with a swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) characterized by a unique combination of gene segments that had not been identified among human or swine influenza A viruses. As of May 5, 2009, . . .