Thermal enhancement of chemical doping in graphene: a Raman spectroscopy study

• Published in: Journal of physics. Condensed matter Vol. 22; no. 33; p. 334202
• Main Authors: Malard, L M, Moreira, R L, Elias, D C, Plentz, F, Alves, E S, Pimenta, M A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England IOP Publishing 25.08.2010
• Subjects: Band spectra; Condensed matter; Crystallization - methods; Deposition; Diffusion; Doping; Graphene; Graphite - chemistry; Hot Temperature; Macromolecular Substances - chemistry; Materials Testing; Molecular Conformation; Nanostructures - chemistry; Nanostructures - ultrastructure; Particle Size; Silicon substrates; Spectra; Spectrum Analysis, Raman - methods; Surface Properties; Temperature dependence; Water - chemistry
• ISSN: 0953-8984; 1361-648X
• DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/33/334202

The Raman spectrum of monolayer graphene deposited on the top of a silicon oxide/silicon substrate was investigated as a function of temperature up to 515 K. An anomalous temperature dependence of the Raman features was observed, including an important frequency upshift for the Raman G band at room temperature, after the heating process. On the other hand, the frequency of the Raman G(') band is only slightly affected by the thermal treatment. We discuss our experimental results in terms of doping and strain effects associated with the interaction of graphene with the substrate and with the presence of water in the sample. We conclude that the doping effect gives the most important contribution to the spectral changes observed after the thermal cycle.