French Jura flor yeasts: genotype and technological diversity

• Published in: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol. 95; no. 3; pp. 263 - 273
• Main Authors: Charpentier, Claudine, Colin, Anne, Alais, Anne, Legras, Jean-Luc
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands 01.03.2009; Springer Netherlands; Springer; Springer Nature B.V; Springer Verlag
• Subjects: Acetaldehyde - analysis; Acetic acid; Acetic Acid - analysis; Aging; Bacteriology; Base Sequence; Biodiversity; Biological and medical sciences; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Cluster Analysis; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA, Fungal - chemistry; DNA, Fungal - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - chemistry; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer - genetics; Fermented food industries; Food industries; France; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Furans - analysis; Genotype; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Karyotyping; Life Sciences; Medical Microbiology; Metabolites; Microbiology; Molecular Sequence Data; Original Paper; Plant Sciences; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - classification; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - genetics; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - isolation & purification; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sherry; Soil Science & Conservation; Studies; Systematics; Vineyards; Vitaceae; Wine; Wine - analysis; Wine - microbiology; Wineries & vineyards; Wines; Wines and vinegars; Yeast; Yeasts; France; Molecular polymorphism; Sotolon; Interdelta typing; Yeast; Karyotyping; Velum; Flor yeast; Vin jaune; Jura wine; Genetic diversity; Karyotype; Microbial community; YEAST; KARYOTYPING; MOLECULAR POLYMORPHISM; INTERDELTA TYPING; VELUM; FLOR YEAST; SOTOLON
• ISSN: 0003-6072; 1572-9699
• DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9309-8

Fifty-four Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were isolated from Jura “Vin Jaune” velum and characterized by conventional physiological and molecular tests including ITS RFLP and sequence analysis, karyotyping and inter delta typing. ITS RFLP and sequence revealed a specific group of related strains different from the specific profile of Sherry flor yeast caused by a 24 bp deletion in the ITS1 region described by Esteve-Zarzoso et al. (Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 85:151-158, 2004). Interdelta typing, the most discriminative method, revealed a high diversity of Jura flor yeast strains and gathered strains in clusters unequally shared between the northern and southern part of the Jura vineyard. The assessment of phenotypic diversity among the isolated strains was investigated for three wine metabolites (ethanal, acetic acid, and sotolon) from micro scale velum tests. Except at an early stage of ageing, the production of these metabolites was not correlated to the five genetic groups obtained by interdelta typing, but correlated to the cellar where strains had been isolated. The different strains isolated in a cellar produced mostly one type of velum (thin or thick, grey or white); but thin and grey velums, recognized as responsible for high quality wines, were obtained more frequently for one of the five groups of delta genotypes.