Statistical Analysis of Rice Samples for Compositions of Multiple Light Elements (H, C, N, and O) and Their Stable Isotopes

• Published in: Analytical Sciences Vol. 26; no. 8; pp. 873 - 878
• Main Authors: KORENAGA, Takashi, MUSASHI, Masaaki, NAKASHITA, Rumiko, SUZUKI, Yaeko
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 01.08.2010; Springer Nature Singapore; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: Analytical Chemistry; Australia; Carbon - analysis; Carbon Isotopes - analysis; Chemistry; China; Deuterium - analysis; Environment; Grain; Hydrogen - analysis; Irrigation water; Japan; Multivariate Analysis; Nitrogen - analysis; Nitrogen Isotopes - analysis; Original Papers; Oryza - chemistry; Oxygen - analysis; Oxygen Isotopes - analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Rice; Stable isotopes; Statistical analysis; Thailand; United States; Vietnam; Vietnam; Australia; Thailand; United States; China; Japan
• ISSN: 0910-6340; 1348-2246; 1348-2246
• DOI: 10.2116/analsci.26.873

Stable isotopic compositions and elemental contents of the H, C, N, and O in 163 rice samples were analyzed. The samples were taken from three different farming countries; Japan (n = 103), United States of America (n = 30), and Australia (n = 21), in addition of Asian rice samples from Thailand (n = 2), Vietnam (n = 1), and China (n = 6) as comparison. They were mostly short grain samples known as “Koshihikari,” with several samples of middle and long grains included. All samples were grown in the presence of either natural manure or artificial fertilizer. The climate of the rice farming environment was diverse, from arid to humid. Excluding δD data showing large uncertainty, according to the statistical analysis of the principal components based on the stable isotopic compositions such as δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O of rice samples, the Japanese rice samples were clearly distinctive from the Australian and the American rice samples. This fact may be explained by the regional differences in isotopic signatures of the climate, utilized nutrition, and/or quality of irrigation water among the farming countries. This statistical distinction could be one of the useful tools to extract the rice samples grown in Japan from those grown in the other countries.