Analysis of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs) in baked-salt food additives in Korea

• Published in: Journal of environmental science and health. Part B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes Vol. 40; no. 3; pp. 413 - 423
• Main Authors: Kim, K, Kim, D, Ko, H, Son, C, Park, Y
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA Taylor & Francis Group 01.01.2005; Taylor & Francis
• Subjects: Baked salt; Benzofurans - analysis; Benzofurans - chemistry; Biological and medical sciences; Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate; Dibenzofurans (PCDFs); Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; dimethyl phthalate; dioxins; Food additives; Food Additives - analysis; Food Contamination - analysis; Food industries; food processing; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; General aspects; heat treatment; Hot Temperature; Korea; Natural sea salt; pollutants; Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs); Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analogs & derivatives; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - analysis; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - chemistry; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; salts; seawater; Sodium Chloride, Dietary - analysis; Soil Pollutants - analysis; TEQ values; South Korea; Asia; Korea; INW, Korea, Rep; Natural sea salt; Dibenzofurans (PCDFs); Sea salt; Heat treatment; Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate; TEQ values; Baked salt; Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs); Food additive; High temperature; Polychlorobiphenyl
• ISSN: 0360-1234; 1532-4109
• DOI: 10.1081/PFC-200047574

Thirty-one samples of baked-salt products used in commercial food additives were analyzed for the presence of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Dioxins were highly detected in 12 samples of baked salts. The amount of dioxins found in the samples ranged from 12.47 pg/g to 406.56 pg/g (0.71 pg TEQ/g to 23.51 pg TEQ/g, respectively). The most abundant congeners, as TEQ values, were 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF; 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF; and 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF in PCDF congeners and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD; 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD; and 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD in PCDD congeners. Meanwhile, PCDDs/PCDFs were analyzed in high-temperature-treated samples of natural sea salt alone and natural sea salt to which di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) had been added. In the former case, PCDD/PCDF formation was most evident at temperatures near 450°C, the total amount of dioxins was 90.07 pg/g (6.07 pg TEQ/g), and PCDD congeners comprised less than 50% of the total PCDDs/PCDFs. However, when the latter samples were heated, the total PCDD/PCDF concentration was 512.30 pg/g (21.53 pg TEQ/g), with PCDD congeners comprising over 87% of the total PCDDs/PCDFs.