Placental Transfer and Maternally Acquired Neonatal IgG Immunity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 173; no. 5; pp. 1077 - 1084
• Main Authors: Isabel de Moraes-Pinto, M., Almeida, Ana C. M., Kenj, Grecy, Filgueiras, Thomaz E., Tobias, Wanda, Santos, Amélia M. N., Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda M. S., Farhat, Calil K., Milligan, Paul J. M., Johnson, Peter M., Hart, Charles A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.05.1996; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: AIDS/HIV; Antibodies; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood; Antibodies, Bacterial - immunology; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Antibodies, Viral - immunology; Bacterial Capsules - immunology; Bacterial Proteins; Biological and medical sciences; Children; Female; Fetal Blood - immunology; Herpesvirus 3, Human - immunology; HIV; HIV infections; HIV Infections - immunology; HIV Seropositivity - immunology; HIV-1; human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Immunity, Maternally-Acquired - immunology; Immunodeficiencies; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunoglobulin G - blood; Immunopathology; Infant, Newborn; Infants; Major Articles; Measles; Measles virus - immunology; Medical sciences; Mothers; Simplexvirus; Simplexvirus - immunology; Streptococcus pneumoniae - immunology; Streptolysins; Streptolysins - immunology; Tetanus toxoid; Tetanus Toxoid - immunology; Human; Immunopathology; Maternal origin; HIV-1 virus; Antibody; Placental transfer; Retroviridae; IgG; AIDS; Maternal diseases; Immune deficiency; Infection; Virus; Newborn; Placenta; Immunological investigation; Viral disease; Lentivirinae; Human immunodeficiency virus
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/173.5.1077

Transplacental transfer of specific IgG antibodies was studied in 46 pairs of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-I)-seropositive women and their neonates and in 53 pairs of healthy HIV-seronegative mothers and their newborns. Neonatal and maternal sera were assessed by nephelometry for total levels of serum IgG and by ELISA for IgG antibodies to herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), measles virus, tetanus toxoid, streptolysin O, and Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular antigens. Placental transfer of IgG antibodies to VZV, tetanus toxoid, measles, streptolysin 0, and S. pneumoniae was decreased by maternal HIV infection. Maternal levels of total IgG had an independent effect on transfer of antibodies to HSV, VZV, measles, and S. pneumoniae. Neonatal antibody levels to tetanus toxoid, measles, and S. pneumoniae were significantly lower in the HIV group. Both maternal hypergammaglobulinemia and maternal HIV infection may contribute to these low antibody levels at birth and thus lead to early infection in this high-risk population.